tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-15646097423670063002024-02-19T08:51:02.567-08:00Cambodian law ច្បាប់កម្ពុជាThis website "Cambodian Law" is a small contribution of the access to laws and regulations of Cambodia and hope it can help interested people getting more understanding of the existing laws and regulations, including policy and strategy of the government of Cambodia. most of the information is refer to the link of other website. I would like to sincerely thank for all valuable website where i linked to for allow me to do so for Cambodian people and other interested people.KD Consultinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13584961046852795514noreply@blogger.comBlogger74125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1564609742367006300.post-22957566149471368322017-11-02T06:27:00.002-07:002017-11-02T06:33:05.620-07:00Comparative Study on Japanese and Cambodian ADR<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="color: #333333;"><span style="background-color: white;">By Dara, KHLOK, M.A, MPM, LLM</span></span><br />
<span style="color: #333333;"><span style="background-color: white;"><br /></span></span>
<span class="apple-style-span"><span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">The
Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) is an approach to solving the conflict
that are more systematic, less costly, less time consuming, and with more
certainty. It is no doubt that ADR not only provide better justice in the
society but also contribute strongly to the economic development. With
intensive support the socio-economic stability and development of Cambodia
where had been passed many years of civil wars and instability, various
alternative dispute resolution (ADR) mechanisms beside the formal litigation
system has been established in both public and private. However the development
and implementation of the system is still at the crossroads and there are lots
of challenges such as independence, qualification of ADR providers, legal
framework, and other model and method. This study discovered the basic value
and principle of ADR on the grounds of a comparative study of the Japan and
Cambodia's alternative dispute resolution systems. This study discovers lesson
learned of their necessity and their particularity in the future construction
of the Cambodian ADR system. The flaws in dispute resolution are not only an
obstruction to justice but also a huge burden to social development. Cambodia
is going through a golden age of economic development and so a complete,
diverse, highly efficient and effective dispute resolution system would provide
necessary support to economic development. To achieve this full use must be
made of the mediation resources and so reconstruction of the current mediation
systems as well as developing a new and diverse alternative dispute resolution
system is a necessary step and will ensure further Cambodian economic
development and social stability. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<!--StartFragment-->
<span class="apple-style-span"><b><span style="background: white; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Keywords:</span></b><span style="background: white; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> alternative dispute resolution, negotiation, mediation, conciliation,
arbitration, compromise, institutional independence, ADR’s model, legal
framework, ADR provider, court-annexed, court- connected, dispute resolution.</span></span><!--EndFragment-->
<br />
<span class="apple-style-span"><span style="background: white; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-family: "times new roman";"><span style="background-color: white;">More Detail, please contact author</span></span></div>
KD Consultinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13584961046852795514noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1564609742367006300.post-28730695429554832752016-03-18T22:06:00.002-07:002016-03-18T22:06:22.455-07:00ADMINISTRATIVE COMPLAINT MECHANISMS IN CAMBODIA: Current Situation and their Challenges<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%;">by KHLOK Dara,</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Good relationship between the citizens
and public administration is a core factor for good governance of a country.
The citizen should have the rights to clarify or complaint any unclear decision/regulations
or wrongful actions from the administration and consequently the administration
have to be opened and responsive to the citizens’ claim or complaint in an
effective manner. To have such an accountable, transparent and responsive
administration, effective complaint mechanisms should be established. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--StartFragment-->
<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10.0pt; letter-spacing: .5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ligatures: none;">This
principle of this good government has been stipulated in the Rectangular Strategy
of the government where the administration needs to fulfill all-important
requirements for providing better services to citizens, including the effective
complaint resolution mechanisms. The rights to review and clarify the decision
and action of administration seem limited in the Cambodia context even the
constitution envisages clearly this rights in article 128[2-3] and other sector
laws. The mechanisms are fragmented which made it very difficult for citizens
to access to justice in the administration matter even the ordinary cases.
Therefore, the paper will study the current situation of the administrative
complaint mechanisms in Cambodia focusing only the mechanisms inside
administration in order to find out challenges and issues for improving and
building effective mechanisms to ensure the citizens’ rights and trust. To do
this, the paper will highlight first the current legal and policy framework, type
of administrative complaint and its structure, and finally assessing the
current type of administrative complaint by focusing two specific cases for
deeper analysis. At the end the paper will provide some recommendations for
improvement the existing mechanisms.</span><!--EndFragment-->
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10.0pt; letter-spacing: .5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ligatures: none;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: x-small;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0.6666666865348816px;">full file is page 143-173 from the book<a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B5ZZCf1OhNGGV0VnQ21TbzcwVVU/view?usp=sharing" target="_blank"> " The Development of Cambodian Administrative Law", Konrad Adenauer Stiffing, 2014</a>. </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span><span style="color: transparent; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 11.22689075630252px; white-space: pre;">and</span></div>
<div data-canvas-width="505.18763025210086" style="color: transparent; cursor: text; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 11.22689075630252px; left: 80.94588235294117px; margin: 0px; opacity: 0.2; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 529.2917647058823px; transform-origin: 0% 0%; transform: scaleX(1.1334187084810536); white-space: pre;">
r in the espon<span style="font-size: 11.22689075630252px;">s in article 128[2-3] and other sector</span></div>
<div data-canvas-width="505.40094117647055" style="color: transparent; cursor: text; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 11.22689075630252px; left: 80.94588235294117px; margin: 0px; opacity: 0.2; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 747.0934453781513px; transform-origin: 0% 0%; transform: scaleX(1.2998365285606972); white-space: pre;">
laws. The mechanisms are fragmented which made<span style="font-size: 11.22689075630252px;">istration matter even the ordinary cases.</span></div>
<div data-canvas-width="505.33357983193247" style="color: transparent; cursor: text; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 11.22689075630252px; left: 80.94588235294117px; margin: 0px; opacity: 0.2; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 787.9593277310925px; transform-origin: 0% 0%; transform: scaleX(1.231787440186386); white-space: pre;">
Therefore, the paper will study the current situation of the administrative</div>
</div>
KD Consultinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13584961046852795514noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1564609742367006300.post-28308171261135636932015-04-06T00:08:00.001-07:002015-04-06T00:08:32.358-07:00ពាក្យប្រដៅ១២ប្រយោគរបស់អតីតនាយករដ្ឋមន្ត្រីតៃវ៉ាន់ យ៊ុនយ៉េ Sun Yun Ye<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="p1">
<span class="s1">ពាក្យប្រដៅ១២ប្រយោគរបស់អតីតនាយករដ្ឋមន្ត្រីតៃវ៉ាន់ Sun Yun Ye ដែលប្រដៅកូនល្បីពេញពិភពលោក 17-09-14!</span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span class="s1">លោក Sun Yun Ye គឺជាអតីតនាយករដ្ឋមន្ត្រី ជាអ្នកសេដ្ឋកិច្ច ប្រវត្តិជាវិស្វករ កើតនៅចិនដីគោក។ លោកធ្វើជានាយករដ្ឋមន្ត្រីពីឆ្នាំ១៩៧៨-១៩៨។ លោកបានបន្សល់ពាក្យប្រដៅចំនួន១២ ប្រយោគសម្រាប់ជាសំពាយជីវិតកូនៗរបស់ខ្លួនដែលល្បីទូទាំងពិភពលោកនេះ។ ប្រយោគទាំងនេះមានអត្ថន័យជ្រាលជ្រៅជ្រួតជ្រាប និងចង់ស្រក់ទឹកភ្នែក…កូនជាទីស្រឡាញ់ ! ពុកគ្មានអ្វីទុកឲ្យកូនក្រៅពីពាក្យបណ្តាំទាំង១២ប្រយោគនេះ៖</span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span class="s1">១.ជីវិតមនុស្សមិនទៀតទាត់ទេកូន! មិនមានអ្នកណាបានដឹងថា ខ្លួនត្រូវស្លាប់ពេលណា? និងស្លាប់របៀបណានោះទេ ?… ដូចនេះធ្វើអំពើបុណ្យឲ្យច្រើនគឺជាការចាំបាច់។</span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span class="s1">២.មានតែពុក និងម៉ែទេ ដែលនិយាយប្រដៅកូននូវពាក្យទាំងអស់នេះ ពីព្រោះថា នៅលើលោកនេះគ្មានអ្នកណាប្រដៅកូនៗល្អជាងសម្ដីពុកម៉ែទេ។ ពាក្យបណ្តាំទាំងនេះ គឺជាលទ្ធផល ដែលចេញមកពីបទពិសោធន៍ញើស ឈាម និងទឹកភ្នែក របស់ពុកផ្ទាល់ ។ វានឹងជួយកូនៗឲ្យជៀសផុតពីការភាន់ច្រឡំ ខាតពេលវេលា ក្នុងមាគ៌ាឆ្ពោះទៅអនាគតរបស់កូនៗ។</span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span class="s1">៣.បើមានមនុស្សណាមួយប្រាស្រ័យនឹងកូនៗ មិនបានល្អ កុំរវល់នឹងពួកគេនាំឲ្យតែខាតពេលវេលាទេ ។ គ្មានអ្នកណាត្រូវធ្វើល្អនឹងយើង ក្រៅពីពុកម៉ែទេនៅលើលោកនេះ ។</span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span class="s1">៤.ល្បែងរលាយទ្រព្យ។ ស្រីរលាយកិត្តិយស។ បារី និងសុរារលាយរាងកាយ។ គ្រឿងញៀនរលាយជីវិត។</span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span class="s1">៥.ពុំមានមនុស្សណាដែលមិនអាចជំនួសបាននោះទេ។ ពុំមានវត្ថុណា ដែលមិនអាចប្តូរថ្មីបាន។ បើមានមនុស្សណាដែលខ្លួនស្រឡាញ់មិនចង់ដើរអស់ដំណើរផ្លូវជីវិតនឹងកូន ឬមួយក៏គេស្លាប់ចោលកូនត្រូវចងចាំថា វាមិនមែនជារឿង “មេឃរលំ ភ្នំរលាយ! ” នោះទេ។</span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span class="s1">៦.ជីវិតមនុស្សខ្លីណាស់ បើខ្លួនចេះតែខ្ជះខ្ជាយពេលវេលា កូននឹងបាត់បង់អស់ហើយ។ ដូចនេះបើចេះស្រឡាញ់ជីវិត គឺត្រូវស្វែងរកសេចក្តីសុខ ការសប្បាយឲ្យបានច្រើនសម្រាប់ជីវិតតាមផ្លូវល្អ។</span></div>
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<span class="s1">៧.នៅលើលោកនេះមិនមានសេ្នហាអមតៈទេ !… ស្នេហាវាគ្រាន់តែជាអារម្មណ៍មួយគ្រា ។ អារម្មណ៍នេះទៅតាមពេលវេលា វានឹងរលាយសាបបាត់ទៅ ទៅតាមស្ថានភាព និងកាលៈទេសៈ ហើយប្រែប្រួលផ្លាស់ប្តូរបាត់ទៅ។</span></div>
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<span class="s1">៨.ទោះបីជាមានមនុស្សច្រើននៅលើលោកនេះរៀនតិច តែជោគជ័យ និងល្បីឈ្មោះ នោះគឺដោយសារតែគេសំណាង ។ ប៉ុន្តែមិនមែនមានន័យថា មិនចាំបាច់រៀនច្រើន ដើម្បីទទួលជោគជ័យនោះទេ។</span></div>
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<span class="s1">៩.អំណាច បុណ្យសក្តិ មិនអាចស្មើរកេរ្តិ៍ឈ្មោះ និងកិត្តិយសបានទេ។ រៀនស្គាល់តម្លៃនៃវត្ថុរូបិយ និងអរូបិយ… កុំរៀនដឹងវត្ថុនោះមានតម្លៃប៉ុន្មានដុល្លារ?</span></div>
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<span class="s1">១០.កូនៗអាចរក្សាពាក្យសម្ដីនឹងមនុស្សម្នាជុំវិញខ្លួន។ តែកុំរំពឹងថា គេឯងនឹងរក្សាពាក្យសម្ដីនឹងកូនៗ។ កូនៗអាចធ្វើអំពើល្អឲ្យមនុស្សម្នាបាន។ តែកុំរំពឹងថា គេឯងនឹងធ្វើអំពើល្អដាក់កូនៗវិញនោះ។</span></div>
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<span class="s1">១១.មានមនុស្សទិញឆ្នោត២០ ដល់់៣០ឆ្នាំ តែនៅតែក្រ។ នេះបញ្ជាក់ថា ចង់មានត្រូវចេះសន្សំ និងចេះរកស៊ីទៅ។</span></div>
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<span class="s1">១២.ការជួបជុំគ្រួសារ ប្តីប្រពន្ធ បងប្អូន កូនក្មួយ គឺសុទ្ធតែជាភព្វនិស្ស័យ។ មិនថា យើងបាននៅក្បែរគ្នារយៈពេលប៉ុន្មាននោះទេ ត្រូវចេះបង្កើតពេលវេលាល្អៗដាក់គ្នា ពីព្រោះជាតិក្រោយក៏យើងគ្មានឱកាសនឹងជួបគ្នាបានម្តងទៀតបានដែរ៕</span></div>
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KD Consultinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13584961046852795514noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1564609742367006300.post-42044165612234128452014-02-23T22:32:00.003-08:002014-02-23T22:32:57.709-08:00វិធីសាស្ដ្រកែលំអជីវភាពក្នុងរយៈពេល ៥ឆ្នាំ<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<em style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px;">មហាសេដ្ឋី របស់ហុងកុង Li Ka-Shing</em></div>
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<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />កំពូលអ្នកមាន Li Ka-Shing (ហុងកុង) បច្ចុប្បន្ន គឺជាមហាសេដ្ឋីដែលមានទ្រព្យច្រើនជាងគេ នៅ<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />អាស៊ី ដោយមានទ្រព្យសរុប ២៩,១ពាន់លានដុល្លារអាមេរិក នេះបើតាម Bloomberg ។ មានប្រវត្តិ<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />ជាកូនកំព្រា លោកបានប្រឹងប្រែង តស៊ូ ដើម្បីជីវិត និងដើម្បីភាពមានបាន។ ក្រោយមក Li Ka-Shing <br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />ក៏បានបង្កើត “អាណាចក្រ” Cheung Kong និង Hutchison Whampoa ទន្ទឹមនឹងការធ្វើជំនួញក្នុង<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />វិស័យជាច្រើន ចាប់ពីកំពង់ផែសមុទ្រ ប្រេងឧស្ម័ន លក់រាយ ទូរគមនាគមន៍ រហូតដល់អចលនទ្រព្យ។<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />ថ្មីៗនេះ គេហទំព័រ e27 បានចុះផ្សាយអត្ថបទមួយរបស់មហាសេដ្ឋី Li Ka-Shing ក្នុងនោះ លោកក៏ បានចែករំលែកអំពីវិធីសាស្ដ្រកែលំអជីវភាពក្នុងរយៈពេល ៥ឆ្នាំ។<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />ឧទាហរណ៍ ប្រសិន ប្រាក់ចំណូលប្រចាំខែរបស់អ្នក គឺ ២,០០០យ័ន (ប្រហែល ៣៣០ដុល្លារ) អ្នក<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />មានបំផុតនៅអាស៊ី លោក Li Ka-Shing ណែនាំថា ចូរបែងចែកប្រាក់នេះ ទៅជា ៥ចំណែក ៖</div>
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ខ្ទង់ប្រាក់ដំបូង (៦០០យ័ន/ ៩៨ដុល្លារ) ប្រើសម្រាប់ការហូបចុកប្រចាំខែ។ អ្នកអាចចំណាយក្រោម <br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />២០យ័ន ក្នុងមួយថ្ងៃ។ ចូរហូបមី (ឬ នំបញ្ចុក) ពងទាស្ងោរមួយគ្រាប់ និងទឹកដោះគោមួយកែវ នៅ<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />ពេលព្រឹក។ ពេលថ្ងៃត្រង់ គឺហូបតែអាហារឆ្អិនស្រាប់ និងផ្លែឈើខ្លះ ដូចជាផ្លែចេកណាំវ៉ាជាដើម។ <br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />ចំណែកពេលល្ងាច គឺត្រូវចម្អិនអាហារដោយខ្លួនឯង និងហូបទឹកដោះគោមួយកែវ មុនពេលចូលគេង។ <br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />ការហូបចុកបែបនេះ អ្នកនឹងត្រូវប្រាក់ចំណាយអស់ត្រឹមតែ ពី ៥០០ ទៅ ៦០០យ័នប៉ុណ្ណោះ ក្នុងមួយ<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />ខែ។<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /> <br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />ខ្ទង់ប្រាក់ទីពីរ (៤០០យ័ន/ ៦៥ដុល្លារ) គឺសម្រាប់រាប់អានមិត្តភ័ក្ដិ បង្កើតទំនាក់ទំនង។ ប្រការនេះនឹង<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />ផ្ដល់ផលល្អដល់អ្នកនៅពេលណាមួយ។ អ្នកអាចចំណាយ ១០០យ័ន ទៅលើទូរស័ព្ទ ក្នុងមួយខែ។ <br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />ទន្ទឹមនឹងនេះ អ្នកអាចចេញថ្លៃអ្វីមួយជំនួសមិត្តភ័ក្ដិ ម្ដង ឬពីរដង ក្នុងមួយខែ គឺអស់ប្រហែល ៣០០<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />យ័ន។ ក្នុងការរាប់អានមិត្តភ័ក្ដិ អ្នកគួរតែជ្រើសរើសមនុស្សដែលមានចំណេះដឹងច្រើន និងមានទ្រព្យ<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />ច្រើនជាងខ្លួន ឬមនុស្សដែលអាចជួយអ្នក ក្នុងការរកស៊ី និងការងារ។ ក្រោយរយៈពេលមួយឆ្នាំ ទំនាក់<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />ទំនងនេះ នឹងនាំមកនូវប្រយោជន៍យ៉ាងច្រើនដល់អ្នក។ <br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />ខ្ទង់ទីបី (៣០០យ័ន/៥០ដុល្លារ) គឺសម្រាប់បង្កើនចំណេះដឹង ។ ជារៀងរាល់ខែ ចូរចំណាយប្រហែល<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />ពី ៥០ ទៅ ១០០យ័ន ដើម្បីទិញសៀវភៅ។ ពេលមានសៀវភៅ អ្នកត្រូវអានខ្លឹមសារឱ្យបានច្បាស់<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />លាស់ និងដកស្រង់នូវមេរៀន និងយុទ្ធក្នុងនោះ។ បន្ទាប់ពីបានអាន អ្នកគួររៀបរាប់ឡើងវិញប្រាប់មិត្ត<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />ភ័ក្ដិ ដើម្បីលើកកំពស់ភាពជឿជាក់ និងបង្កើនទំនាក់ទំនង។ ក្រៅពីនេះ អ្នកក៏គួរចំណាយ ២០០យ័ន<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />សម្រាប់ចូលរួមក្នុងវគ្គបណ្ដុះបណ្ដាល ដើម្បីបំប៉នចំណេះដឹង និងជួបជុំក្រុមអ្នកមនុស្សដែលមាន<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />គំនិតដូចអ្នក។<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />ខ្ទង់ចំណាយទីបួន (២០០យ័ន/៣៣ដុល្លារ) គឺសន្សំសម្រាប់ទេសចរណ៍។ ចូរធ្វើឱ្យជីវិតរបស់អ្នក កាន់<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />តែមានន័យ ដោយការធ្វើដំណើរទៅលំហែកាយនៅតំបន់ទេសចរណ៍នានា យ៉ាងតិច ឱ្យបានម្ដង/ឆ្នាំ។ <br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />ខ្ទង់ចំណាយចុងក្រោយ (៥០០យ័ន/ ៨២ដុល្លារ) គឺសម្រាប់ការវិនិយោគ។ ដំបូងគឺត្រូវសន្សំនៅធនា<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />គារ ដោយចាត់ទុកវាជាទុនសម្រាប់បង្កើតមុខរបររបស់អ្នក។ ក្រោយការសន្សំ រយៈពេល ៥ឆ្នាំ ទឹកប្រាក់<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />របស់អ្នកក្នុងធនាគារ នឹងកើនដល់ប្រហែល ៥,០០០ ដុល្លារអាមេរិក ហើយអ្នកអាចប្រើប្រាស់ប្រាក់<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />សន្សំនេះ ដើម្បីបើកកូនហាង ឬកូនក្រុមហ៊ុនមួយ។ ចូរចាប់ផ្ដើមការរកស៊ីរបស់អ្នក ដោយមុខជំនួញតូច<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />តាច ដោយសារថា អ្នកមិនទាន់មានបទពិសោធច្រើន ហើយបើខាត ក៏ខាតតិច។ ពេលមានបទ<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />ពិសោធក្នុងការរកស៊ីច្រើន និងរកបានប្រាក់ច្រើនជាងមុន អ្នកអាចគិតដល់ការពង្រីកមុខរបរ ដើម្បីជា<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />បង្អែករឹងមាំផ្នែកហិរញ្ញវត្ថុ សម្រាប់ផ្គត់ផ្គង់ជីវភាពគ្រួសារ។<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />និយាយអំពីប្រាក់ខែ នៅពេលចូលមកដល់ឆ្នាំទីពីរ ប្រសិនប្រាក់ខែរបស់អ្នក នៅតែត្រឹម ២,០០០យ័ន<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />នោះអ្នកគួរតែមានការខ្មាសខ្លួនឯង ដោយសារមិនទាន់បានអភិវឌ្ឍខ្លួនឯង ហើយចំនួននេះ ប្រាកដជា មិនអាចតាមទាន់នូវបញ្ហាទំនិញឡើងថ្លៃ។ ប្រសិនប្រាក់ខែឡើងដល់ ៣,០០០យ័ន(ប្រហែល ៥០០<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />ដុល្លារ) នោះអ្នកក៏នៅតែត្រូវធ្វើការដោយយកចិត្តទុកដាក់។ ចូរស្វែងរកការងារបន្ថែម ល្អបំផុតគឺធ្វើជា<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />បុគ្គលិកផ្នែកជំនួញ។ ប្រការនេះនឹងមានប្រយោជន៍ដល់មុខរបររបស់អ្នក នាពេលខាងមុខ។<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />ក្នុងអំឡុងពេលនេះ ចូរកុំចំណាយប្រាក់ច្រើនទៅលើសម្លៀកបំពាក់ តែត្រូវសន្សំសំចៃឱ្យបានជាអតិ<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />បរមា។ អ្នកអាចទិញអំណោយតិចតួច ជូនមិត្តភ័ក្ដិដែលអ្នកយល់ថា ពួកគេនឹងអាចជួយអ្នកបាន។<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />យុទ្ធសាស្ដ្រខាងលើ នឹងអាចជួយឱ្យអ្នកចាកផុតពីភាពក្រីក្រ និងក្លាយជាមនុស្សដែលមានកេរឈ្មោះ <br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />មានកិត្តិយសក្នុងសង្គម៕</div>
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KD Consultinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13584961046852795514noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1564609742367006300.post-81413801966276844712013-06-07T07:19:00.001-07:002016-03-18T08:20:40.641-07:00Sector law <div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<b><span style="font-size: large;">Education:</span></b><br />
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><a href="https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/58508433/admin.%20agency%20laws/1-%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%94%E1%9E%84%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%BE%E1%9E%8F%20%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%80%E1%9E%94%E1%9E%85%E1%9F%86%E2%80%8B%E1%9E%93%E1%9F%83%E1%9E%80%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%BD%E1%9E%84%20%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%90%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%90%E1%9E%93%20%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%99%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%8A%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%8B%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%B6/%E1%9F%A1-%E1%9E%96%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%87%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%87%E1%9E%80%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%98/EAOF_KR03_0196-01_1996_MoEYS_EN.pdf">law on Establishment of Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport </a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.dropbox.com/s/lwd97w72ipm47gr/EAOF_SD40_84_2009_MoEYS_KH.pdf">Sub Decree on Organising and Functioning of Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport</a></li>
<li><a href="https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/58508433/admin.%20agency%20laws/1-%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%94%E1%9E%84%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%BE%E1%9E%8F%20%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%80%E1%9E%94%E1%9E%85%E1%9F%86%E2%80%8B%E1%9E%93%E1%9F%83%E1%9E%80%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%BD%E1%9E%84%20%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%90%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%90%E1%9E%93%20%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%99%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%8A%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%8B%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%B6/%E1%9F%A3-%E1%9E%A2%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%BB%E1%9E%80%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B9%E1%9E%8F%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%99/EAOF_SD37_94_2005_Dept%20Interna%20Audit%20MoEYS_KH.pdf" target="_blank">Sub Decree on Establish,ent of Internal Audit of the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport</a></li>
<li><a href="https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/58508433/admin.%20agency%20laws/1-%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%94%E1%9E%84%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%BE%E1%9E%8F%20%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%80%E1%9E%94%E1%9E%85%E1%9F%86%E2%80%8B%E1%9E%93%E1%9F%83%E1%9E%80%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%BD%E1%9E%84%20%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%90%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%90%E1%9E%93%20%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%99%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%8A%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%8B%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%B6/%E1%9F%A3-%E1%9E%A2%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%BB%E1%9E%80%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B9%E1%9E%8F%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%99/EAOF_SD36_104_2002_Dept%20Early%20Child%20MoEYS_KH.pdf" target="_blank">Sub Decree on Amendment of Early Child department of the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport</a></li>
<li><a href="https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/58508433/admin.%20agency%20laws/1-%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%94%E1%9E%84%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%BE%E1%9E%8F%20%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%80%E1%9E%94%E1%9E%85%E1%9F%86%E2%80%8B%E1%9E%93%E1%9F%83%E1%9E%80%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%BD%E1%9E%84%20%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%90%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%90%E1%9E%93%20%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%99%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%8A%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%8B%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%B6/%E1%9F%A2-%E1%9E%96%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%87%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%87%E1%9E%80%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B9%E1%9E%8F%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%99/EAOF_RD04_0309-349_2009_Nation%20Supre%20Counc%20Edu_KH.pdf">Royal Decree on National Supreme Council of Education</a> </li>
<li><a href="https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/58508433/admin.%20agency%20laws/1-%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%94%E1%9E%84%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%BE%E1%9E%8F%20%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%80%E1%9E%94%E1%9E%85%E1%9F%86%E2%80%8B%E1%9E%93%E1%9F%83%E1%9E%80%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%BD%E1%9E%84%20%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%90%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%90%E1%9E%93%20%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%99%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%8A%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%8B%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%B6/%E1%9F%A3-%E1%9E%A2%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%BB%E1%9E%80%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B9%E1%9E%8F%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%99/EAOF_SD39_60_2009_Nation%20Counci%20Edu%20MoEYS_KH.pdf" target="_blank">Sub-Decree on Organising and Functioning of the Supreme Council of Education</a></li>
<li><a href="https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/58508433/admin.%20agency%20laws/1-%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%94%E1%9E%84%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%BE%E1%9E%8F%20%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%80%E1%9E%94%E1%9E%85%E1%9F%86%E2%80%8B%E1%9E%93%E1%9F%83%E1%9E%80%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%BD%E1%9E%84%20%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%90%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%90%E1%9E%93%20%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%99%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%8A%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%8B%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%B6/%E1%9F%A3-%E1%9E%A2%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%BB%E1%9E%80%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B9%E1%9E%8F%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%99/EAOF_SD38_53_2009_ACCS%20MoEYS_KH.pdf" target="_blank">Sub Decree on the Amendment Sub Decree on Organising and Functioning of Accreditation of Cambodia</a> </li>
<li><a href="https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/58508433/Sectoral%20Law/Cambodia_Education_Law%20(1).pdf">Law on Education</a></li>
<li><br /></li>
</ul>
<span style="font-size: large;"><b>Health:</b></span><br />
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><a href="https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/58508433/admin.%20agency%20laws/1-%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%94%E1%9E%84%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%BE%E1%9E%8F%20%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%80%E1%9E%94%E1%9E%85%E1%9F%86%E2%80%8B%E1%9E%93%E1%9F%83%E1%9E%80%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%BD%E1%9E%84%20%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%90%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%90%E1%9E%93%20%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%99%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%8A%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%8B%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%B6/%E1%9F%A1-%E1%9E%96%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%87%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%87%E1%9E%80%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%98/EAOF_KR08_0196-06_1996_MoH_EN.pdf">Law on Establishment of Ministry of Health</a></li>
<li><a href="https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/58508433/admin.%20agency%20laws/1-%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%94%E1%9E%84%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%BE%E1%9E%8F%20%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%80%E1%9E%94%E1%9E%85%E1%9F%86%E2%80%8B%E1%9E%93%E1%9F%83%E1%9E%80%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%BD%E1%9E%84%20%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%90%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%90%E1%9E%93%20%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%99%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%8A%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%8B%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%B6/%E1%9F%A3-%E1%9E%A2%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%BB%E1%9E%80%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B9%E1%9E%8F%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%99/EAOF_SD21_67_1997_MoH_KH.pdf" target="_blank">Sub Decree on Organising and Functioning of Ministry of Health</a> </li>
<li><br /></li>
</ul>
<b><span style="font-size: large;">Justice</span></b><br />
<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B5ZZCf1OhNGGdl92ekRXZnVIV1k/view?usp=sharing" target="_blank">compilation of law of justice sector កម្រងច្បាប់សំខាន់ៗវិស័យយុត្តិធម៌ </a></li>
</ul>
<br />
Economic and Finance:<br />
Commerce:<br />
Labor:<br />
Land Management:<br />
<br /></div>
KD Consultinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13584961046852795514noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1564609742367006300.post-90466452369491869902013-03-01T07:09:00.004-08:002013-03-06T00:11:57.447-08:00New Public Service Delivery Policy and Action<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
Making public administration close to the public is a priority goal of the Royal Government of Cambodia in the rectangular strategy of Cambodia. The Public Service Delivery Policy of the government, was adopted by the council of ministers in 2005, in which there are seven public service compendium had been set in the policy. Four of them were developed and published already, including justice and arbitration service compendium which developed by the Council for Legal and Judicial Reform in cooperation with the Council of Administration Reform.<br />
<br />
Less expensive and less time consuming of public service is a top issue in the public service delivery. The public agencies has to provide the services fast and cheap manner fo the public. However , the implementation of delivering public services by the public agencies is still limited and sometimes there is no clear guideline or information where the citizens can access to.<br />
<br />
In this beginning of 2013, the Prime Minister asked the relevant ministry and institutions of the government to re-enforce the implementation of the Public Service Delivery Policy in order to ensure excellent public service delivery by the public agencies. In this manner, the ministry of economic and finance had to cooperate with other relevant ministries and institutions of the government establishing joint-circular of the public services of the respective ministries and institutions. The National Anti-Corruption Council is a body to monitoring the implementation of the public service delivery of the respective government agencies. So citizens can complain to the body if there is problem in the delivering of the public services of the relevant government agencies.<br />
<br />
So far, there are 17 ministries of the government had been issued joint-circular on public services delivery from their respective ministries.<br />
<br />
Here is the following joint-circular of 14 ministries/institutions:<br />
<br />
<ol style="text-align: left;">
<li><a href="https://skydrive.live.com/redir?resid=8D72DECA7FC77C5A!690">Joint-Circular of Public Service Delivery of Ministry of Economic and Finance in Khmer</a></li>
<li><a href="https://skydrive.live.com/redir?resid=8D72DECA7FC77C5A!689">Joint-Circular of Public Service delivery of Ministry of Commerce in Khmer</a></li>
<li><a href="http://acu.gov.kh/acu_data/02.Download/01.Khmer/01.Event/100/Event100.rar">Cambodian Development Council </a></li>
<li><a href="http://acu.gov.kh/acu_data/02.Download/01.Khmer/01.Event/099/Event99.rar">State Secretariat of Civil Aviation </a></li>
<li><a href="http://acu.gov.kh/acu_data/02.Download/01.Khmer/01.Event/102/Event102.rar">Ministry of Health</a></li>
<li><a href="http://acu.gov.kh/acu_data/02.Download/01.Khmer/01.Event/103/Event103.rar">Ministry of Industry, Mine and Energy</a></li>
<li><a href="http://acu.gov.kh/acu_data/02.Download/01.Khmer/01.Event/104/Event104.rar">Ministry of Environment</a> </li>
<li><a href="http://acu.gov.kh/acu_data/02.Download/01.Khmer/01.Event/105/Event105.rar">Ministry of social, Veteran and Youth Rehabilitation</a></li>
<li><a href="http://acu.gov.kh/acu_data/02.Download/01.Khmer/01.Event/111/Event111.rar">Ministry of Culture and Fine Art</a></li>
<li><a href="http://acu.gov.kh/acu_data/02.Download/01.Khmer/01.Event/106/Event106.rar">Ministry of Law and Vocational Training</a> </li>
<li><a href="http://acu.gov.kh/acu_data/02.Download/01.Khmer/01.Event/107/Event107.rar">Ministry of Justice </a></li>
<li><a href="http://acu.gov.kh/acu_data/02.Download/01.Khmer/01.Event/108/Event108.rar">Ministry of Planning </a></li>
<li><a href="http://acu.gov.kh/acu_data/02.Download/01.Khmer/01.Event/109/Event109.rar">Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport</a></li>
<li><a href="http://acu.gov.kh/acu_data/02.Download/01.Khmer/01.Event/110/Event110.rar">Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, and Fishery</a></li>
<li><br /></li>
</ol>
</div>
KD Consultinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13584961046852795514noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1564609742367006300.post-58454683141073856432012-12-31T08:00:00.000-08:002016-03-06T19:15:52.391-08:00Manual/handbook<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<b><u>Public Administration</u></b><br />
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li>Cambodian Civil Servant Handbook <a href="https://docs.google.com/file/d/0B5ZZCf1OhNGGVEVxSElUaWhoZnc/edit">ENG</a> <a href="https://docs.google.com/file/d/0B5ZZCf1OhNGGVEVxSElUaWhoZnc/edit">KH</a></li>
<li><a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B5ZZCf1OhNGGZkU4X3lRLWNGSmc/edit?usp=sharing" target="_blank">Compendium of public service delivery type I</a> </li>
<li><a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B5ZZCf1OhNGGZ3lBRmp6bXQ4cEk/edit?usp=sharing" target="_blank">Compendium of public service delivery </a>4</li>
<li><a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B5ZZCf1OhNGGazBHdV9NSnpVRGc/edit?usp=sharing" target="_blank">Compendium of public service delivery type 2, 5, 6 and 7</a></li>
</ul>
<div>
<b><u>Decentralisation and deconcentration</u></b> </div>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><a href="http://www.ncdd.gov.kh/en/legal-framework/guideline/doc_download/664--">សៀវភៅណែនាំស្តីពីការអនុវត្តគម្រោងមូលនិធិឃុំ សង្កាត់</a></strong></li>
<li><span style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #074c8d; font-family: "arial" , "arab" , sans-serif; font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 18px;"><a href="http://www.ncdd.gov.kh/en/legal-framework/guideline/doc_download/663-dicision-on-guideline-promulgation-of-functional-maping">Dicision on Guideline Promulgation of Functional Maping</a></span></li>
<li><strong style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #cc0000; font-family: Arial, Arab, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><a href="http://www.ncdd.gov.kh/en/legal-framework/guideline/doc_download/654---------" style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #cc0000; font-family: Arial, Arab, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">សេចក្តីណែនាំស្តីពីការកំណត់លិខិតគតិយុត្តិការចំណាយមូលនិធិគាំទ្រការអភិវឌ្ឍផែ្នកសង្គមពាក់ព័ន្ឋនឹងសុខភាពមាតាទារក មតេយ្យសិក្សាសហគមន៍ទឹកសាត និងអនាម័យ សមភាពយេនឌ័រ កិច្ចការពារកុមារ ការចុះបញ្ចីអត្រានុកូលដា្ឋន ការលើកំពស់ការថែទាំ និងការអភិវឌ្ឍកុមារតូច</a></strong></li>
<li><span style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #074c8d; font-family: "arial" , "arab" , sans-serif; font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 18px;"><a href="http://www.ncdd.gov.kh/en/legal-framework/guideline/doc_download/556-2011-guideline-on-establishing-development-planning-teamwork">2011 Guideline on Establishing Development Planning Teamwork</a></span></li>
<li><strong style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #cc0000; font-family: Arial, Arab, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><a href="http://www.ncdd.gov.kh/en/legal-framework/guideline/doc_download/544-2010-directive-on-establishing-implementation-role-and-working-procedure-of-technical-committee-provincial-krong-srok-councilor-and-samples" style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #cc0000; font-family: Arial, Arab, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">2010 Directive on establishing implementation role and working procedure of Technical Committee Provincial Krong Srok councilor and Samples</a> </strong></li>
<li><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><a href="http://www.ncdd.gov.kh/en/legal-framework/guideline/doc_download/543-2010-directive-on-establishing-implementation-role-and-working-procedure-of-technical-committee-capital-khan-councilor-and-samples">2010 Directive on establishing implementation role and working procedure of Technical Committee Capital khan councilor and Samples</a></strong></li>
<li><span style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #999999; font-family: "arial" , "arab" , sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px;"><span style="color: #074c8d; font-weight: bold;"><a href="http://www.ncdd.gov.kh/en/legal-framework/guideline/doc_download/542-2010-directive-on-dividing-function-role-and-working-procedure-of-board-gorvernor-provincial-krong-and-srok-and-samples">2010 Directive on Dividing function role and working procedure of Board Gorvernor Provincial Krong and Srok and Samples</a></span> </span></li>
<li><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><a href="http://www.ncdd.gov.kh/en/legal-framework/guideline/doc_download/541-2010-directive-on-dividing-function-role-and-working-procedure-of-board-gorvernor-capital-and-khan-and-samples">2010 Directive on Dividing function role and working procedure of Board Gorvernor Capital and Khan and Samples</a></strong><span id="goog_1143488092"></span><span id="goog_1143488093"></span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/"></a><span style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #999999; font-family: "arial" , "arab" , sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px;"> </span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #999999; font-family: "arial" , "arab" , sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px;"><span style="color: #074c8d; font-weight: bold;"><a href="http://www.ncdd.gov.kh/en/legal-framework/guideline/doc_download/540-2010-technical-guideline-on-the-mdk-3-year-rolling-investment-program15-09-2010-kh">2010 Technical Guideline on the MDK 3-Year Rolling Investment Program15-09-2010 (Kh)</a></span></span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #074c8d; font-family: "arial" , "arab" , sans-serif; font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 18px;"><a href="http://www.ncdd.gov.kh/en/legal-framework/guideline/doc_download/539-2010-technical-guideline-on-the-cp-3-year-rolling-investment-program-15-09-2010-kh">2010 Technical Guideline on the CP 3-Year Rolling Investment Program 15-09-2010 (Kh)</a></span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #074c8d; font-family: "arial" , "arab" , sans-serif; font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 18px;"><a href="http://www.ncdd.gov.kh/en/legal-framework/guideline/doc_download/538-2010-technical-guideline-on-mdk-development-plan-final-15-09-2010-kh">2010 Technical Guideline on MDK Development Plan-Final 15-09-2010 (Kh)</a></span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #074c8d; font-family: "arial" , "arab" , sans-serif; font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 18px;"><a href="http://www.ncdd.gov.kh/en/legal-framework/guideline/doc_download/537-2010-technical-guideline-on-cp-development-plan-final-15-09-2010-kh">2010 Technical Guideline on CP Development Plan-Final 15-09-2010 (Kh)</a></span></li>
<li><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><a href="http://www.ncdd.gov.kh/en/legal-framework/guideline/doc_download/536-2010-guideline-228-on-transformation-of-resources-and-cooperation-of-excom">2010 Guideline 228 on Transformation of resources and cooperation of ExCom</a></strong></li>
<li><strong style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #cc0000; font-family: Arial, Arab, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><a href="http://www.ncdd.gov.kh/en/legal-framework/guideline/doc_download/470-2010-guideline-005-on-integration-new-structure-and-officer-of-capital-province-krong-srok-khan" style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #cc0000; font-family: Arial, Arab, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">2010 Guideline 005 on Integration new structure and officer of Capital Province Krong Srok khan</a></strong></li>
<li><span style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #074c8d; font-family: "arial" , "arab" , sans-serif; font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 18px;"><a href="http://www.ncdd.gov.kh/en/legal-framework/guideline/doc_download/462-2010-guideline-002-of-important-activity">2010 Guideline 002 of Important Activity</a></span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #074c8d; font-family: "arial" , "arab" , sans-serif; font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 18px;"><a href="http://www.ncdd.gov.kh/en/legal-framework/guideline/doc_download/435-2009-guideline-on-procedure-of-capital-provincial-municipality-district-and-khan-council-member-replacement">2009 Guideline on Procedure of Capital, Provincial, Municipality, District and Khan Council Member Replacement</a></span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #074c8d; font-family: "arial" , "arab" , sans-serif; font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 18px;"><a href="http://www.ncdd.gov.kh/en/legal-framework/guideline/doc_download/434-2009-guideline-on-meeting-process-of-capital-provincial-municipality-district-and-khan-council">2009 Guideline on Meeting Process of Capital, Provincial, Municipality, District and Khan Council</a></span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #074c8d; font-family: "arial" , "arab" , sans-serif; font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 18px;"><br /></span></li>
</ul>
<div>
Law<br />
<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B5ZZCf1OhNGGb0I1cEhmS0JaNTg/edit?usp=sharing" target="_blank">Guideline of Criminal Procedure Code</a></li>
<li><a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B5ZZCf1OhNGGaVBldmdCeW5uYzg/edit?usp=sharing" target="_blank"> Criminal Procedure Handbook</a></li>
<li><a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B5ZZCf1OhNGGbGtsZ0JZNy1hYlk/edit?usp=sharing" target="_blank">Criminal Procedure for police</a></li>
<li><a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B5ZZCf1OhNGGbTEtYkplSXVpd0U/edit?usp=sharing" target="_blank">Cambodian Fair Trial Handbook</a> </li>
<li><a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B5ZZCf1OhNGGSmZ6QWxfdDF5cUU/edit?usp=sharing" target="_blank">Land Law Course for Judge</a> </li>
<li><a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B5ZZCf1OhNGGUk9QeTZJVnROVFE/edit?usp=sharing" target="_blank">Training Module of Organic law in English</a></li>
<li><a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B5ZZCf1OhNGGNGVqY0x3Q2xnMnc/edit?usp=sharing" target="_blank">Training Module of Organic Law in Khmer</a></li>
<li><a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B5ZZCf1OhNGGcnNfdU5HdWREMk0/edit?usp=sharing" target="_blank">Government Circular on guideline and procedure of law and regulation making process</a></li>
<li> </li>
<li> </li>
<li><br /></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
Source from: http://www.ncdd.gov.kh/en/legal-framework/guideline and others sources</div>
</div>
KD Consultinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13584961046852795514noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1564609742367006300.post-24599011810720685892011-09-12T20:43:00.000-07:002011-09-12T20:43:21.066-07:00commercial court in Cambodia?<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
List of relevant document to commercial resolution mechanisms in Cambodia:<br />
<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><a href="http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&cd=3&ved=0CDIQFjAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.camcl.org%2Fsub%2Flaws%2Flaw_on_commercial_arbitration.pdf&ei=yMluTtm3FoiiiAfa4oHDCQ&usg=AFQjCNH39o4UQyghgChGiBl_ODFDmPpk7Q&sig2=m5hXZWn9K7gX62RM5cs8ag">Establishment of commercial court, by EIC</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&cd=5&ved=0CEMQFjAE&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.khmerrough.com%2Fpdf%2FCriticalThinking-Eng%2FPart1-CriticalThinking.pdf&ei=yMluTtm3FoiiiAfa4oHDCQ&usg=AFQjCNEZ_cRmYBgFOBX9rK7WJeKupf7LEg&sig2=Npgx-l8F3_kpKx_mXoN7gw">judicial system of Cambodia</a> </li>
<li><a href="http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&cd=7&ved=0CFMQFjAG&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wbginvestmentclimate.org%2Fuploads%2FPSDP%2B24%2BADR-Cambodia.pdf&ei=yMluTtm3FoiiiAfa4oHDCQ&usg=AFQjCNFtME5iO-GHIX_ZFFUNe1iSHtEtEw&sig2=8F6SiUV6ADZDS-pdLs1JUQ">establishment of commercial arbitration services in Cambodia </a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&cd=8&ved=0CFsQFjAH&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww3.online.com.kh%2Fusers%2Fkid%2Fpdf%2FThe%2520Cambodian%2520Judicial%2520Process.pdf&ei=us9uTrDgD6SuiAfAlcnECQ&usg=AFQjCNH9NU21lkuquZfHN2YvIWbkW3HoaA&sig2=7DS69zn5HBKd06wk5pvFRQ">Cambodian judicial system </a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&cd=9&ved=0CGIQFjAI&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bngkh.com%2Fdownloads%2FDispute%2520Resolution%2520in%2520Cambodia.pdf&ei=us9uTrDgD6SuiAfAlcnECQ&usg=AFQjCNGLiCAfPfgtFsFc0CfkM8_xsjNwxQ&sig2=KsBPNuicufN0DTjtn7tm4Q">dispute resolution in Cambodia </a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&cd=10&ved=0CGoQFjAJ&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eria.org%2Fresearch%2Fimages%2Fpdf%2FPDF%2520No.5%2FNo%2C5-1-Cambodian.pdf&ei=us9uTrDgD6SuiAfAlcnECQ&usg=AFQjCNFn4t1CcltJp2QHdRvP8Ja06FanRQ&sig2=mk9JwYPZtZhqXa-VmERmtw">Cambodian SME</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&cd=13&ved=0CD8QFjACOAo&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.offshore-private-banking.com%2Flaw_bearing_upon_commercial_regulations_and_the_commercial_register.pdf&ei=NNBuTtPOOKGPiAfZvISzCQ&usg=AFQjCNEOSvza4iPZXRYJ9RtSAoVyjjqL3w&sig2=4vGZXhlYT2ep4q7uI4hUvQ">law bearing upon commercial regulation...</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&cd=14&ved=0CEUQFjADOAo&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cambodiacommerciallaws.com%2F&ei=NNBuTtPOOKGPiAfZvISzCQ&usg=AFQjCNHr_drEo6VqKp_tZfix-3fXNNxBXQ&sig2=TBWZMwowJse9c_-0HQp8mA">Cambodian Commercial law</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&cd=15&ved=0CE0QFjAEOAo&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ifc.org%2Fifcext%2Fmekongpsdf.nsf%2FAttachmentsByTitle%2FBIB-10-CAM-ENG%2F%24FILE%2FBIB-10-CAM-ENG.pdf&ei=NNBuTtPOOKGPiAfZvISzCQ&usg=AFQjCNEAGUH9gIPX76GdddZlMTGh_59akg&sig2=wPKDNDblk9eVoFTf5Pa2Ig">establish layout N. 8...</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&cd=20&ved=0CHEQFjAJOAo&url=http%3A%2F%2Fkhmerization.blogspot.com%2F2008%2F02%2Fcambodia-to-form-business-dispute-court.html&ei=NNBuTtPOOKGPiAfZvISzCQ&usg=AFQjCNHZVhloFFG921QBq23rvpK1qtcY-Q&sig2=LXKCBMM-UYqRka5Ylz2mgw">Cambodia to form business dispute court...</a></li>
<li> </li>
</ul>
</div>
KD Consultinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13584961046852795514noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1564609742367006300.post-57261887498275524742011-04-03T20:03:00.001-07:002011-04-03T20:04:13.550-07:00some useful link on law and justice<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(69, 69, 69); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; "><span id="yui_3_2_0_3_1301881184468119"><span id="yui_3_2_0_3_1301881184468118" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; "><span ><span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; "><b>PLAIN LANGUAGE LAW, No. 51, March 2011</b> </span></span><br /><span ><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; "><b>Law and Justice Foundation of NSW</b> </span></span><br /><br /><span id="yui_3_2_0_3_1301881184468117"><span id="yui_3_2_0_3_1301881184468116" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; ">Past editions of the newsletter are now searchable through 'plain language law search' which contains over 800 resources. It is searchable by format (eg DVD, booklet, etc), language, law type and target group. The database is available through the Foundation's website at:<a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.lawfoundation.net.au/pllsearch" id="yui_3_2_0_3_1301881184468115" style="text-decoration: underline; color: rgb(35, 71, 134); outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; ">http://www.lawfoundation.net.au/pllsearch</a> </span></span><br /><br /><span ><b>WHAT'S IN THIS EDITION</b></span><br />-------------------------------------------------------<br /></span></span><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; display: block; line-height: normal; "><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; "><b>COMMUNITY LEGAL EDUCATION<br />GUIDES TO THE LAW</b></span></p><p id="yui_3_2_0_3_130188118446897" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; display: block; line-height: normal; "><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; ">------------------------------------------------------<br /></span><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 128, 128); font-size: small; "><b>COMMUNITY LEGAL EDUCATION</b></span><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; "><br /><br /><b>Manage your own divorce (NSW), </b></span><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; ">2011, [Workshop], Legal Aid Commission NSW, Free, 02 9219 5028<br /><a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.legalaid.nsw.gov.au/asp/index.asp?pgid=599" style="text-decoration: underline; color: rgb(35, 71, 134); outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; ">http://www.legalaid.nsw.gov.au/asp/index.asp?pgid=599</a></span> <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; "><br />This two-hour workshop will provide information about how to complete and lodge divorce application forms, a step-by-step explaination of the divorce process and information about service of documents and the hearing. The workshop will be held on various dates throughout 2011 at Legal Aid offices in Haymarket, Bankstown, Blacktown, Campbelltown, Dubbo, Fairfield, Gosford, Newcastle, Parramatta, Penrith and Tamworth.<br /><br /><b>Social, community, home care & disability services industry award workshops (NSW), </b></span><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; ">2011, [Workshop], Office of Industrial Relations, Free, 131 628, <a rel="nofollow" ymailto="mailto:oirinformation.services@oir.commerce.nsw.gov.au" target="_blank" href="mailto:oirinformation.services@oir.commerce.nsw.gov.au" style="text-decoration: underline; color: rgb(35, 71, 134); outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; ">oirinformation.services@oir.commerce.nsw.gov.au</a></span> <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; "><br /><a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://www.events.industrialrelations.nsw.gov.au/clientview/DefaultSearch.aspx?SearchType=GroupSearch&CourseGroupID=33" style="text-decoration: underline; color: rgb(35, 71, 134); outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; ">https://www.events.industrialrelations.nsw.gov.au/clientview/DefaultSearch.aspx?SearchType=GroupSearch&CourseGroupID=33</a></span> <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; "><br />This series of workshops held on various dates throughout NSW will look at how some of the provisions of the Social, Community, Home Care and Disability Services modern award impact on employees. Arrangements for transitioning from wage rates and penalties in the pre modern award to those in the modern award will also be discussed.<br /><br /><b>Young people and crime: panel discussion (NSW), </b></span><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; ">2011, [Workshop], Legal Information Access Centre (LIAC), Free, 02 9273 1558,<a rel="nofollow" ymailto="mailto:liac@sl.nsw.gov.au" target="_blank" href="mailto:liac@sl.nsw.gov.au" style="text-decoration: underline; color: rgb(35, 71, 134); outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; ">liac@sl.nsw.gov.au</a></span> <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; "><br />This panel will consist of the authors of Hot Topics 73: Young people & crime will discuss the interaction of young people with the criminal justice system. The panel discussion will be held on Tuesday 10 May 2011 at 9am and 11am at the State Library of NSW. To book contact the State Library by phone on 9273 1770 or by email at bookings@sl.nsw.gov.au.<br /><br />--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br /></span><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 128, 128); font-size: small; "><b>GUIDES TO THE LAW</b></span><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; "> <b><br /></b><br /><b>Activist Rights Manual (NSW), </b></span><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; ">Redfern Legal Centre, 2011, [Web site], Redfern Legal Centre, Free, 02 9698 7277, <a rel="nofollow" ymailto="mailto:info@rlc.org.au" target="_blank" href="mailto:info@rlc.org.au" style="text-decoration: underline; color: rgb(35, 71, 134); outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; ">info@rlc.org.au</a>,<br /><a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.activistrightsmanual.com/index.html" style="text-decoration: underline; color: rgb(35, 71, 134); outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; ">http://www.activistrightsmanual.com/index.html</a></span> <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; "><br />This updated web site aims to help activists who attend political protests by providing legal and referral information. Issues covered include protesting in general, identification and being searched, public order law, being arrested and common criminal offences.<br /><br /><b>Alcohol, drugs and nightlife (NSW), </b></span><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; ">2010, 2p., [Factsheet], Shoalcoast Community Legal Centre Inc, Free, 02 4422 9529,<br /><a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.shoalcoast.org.au/publications/11-alcohol-drugs-and-nightlife.html" style="text-decoration: underline; color: rgb(35, 71, 134); outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; ">http://www.shoalcoast.org.au/publications/11-alcohol-drugs-and-nightlife.html</a></span> <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; "><br />This factsheet provides information on drinking restrictions, party gate-crashers, noise restrictions, age restrictions on attending pubs and clubs and drug offences. It also provides contact details for a number of relevant organisations that can provide further information.<br /><br /><b>Budget resource kit (NSW), </b></span><span id="yui_3_2_0_3_130188118446896" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; ">2011, [Kit], Lismore Neighbourhood Centre, Free, 02 6621 7397,<br /><a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.lnci.org.au/budgetresourcekit.html" id="yui_3_2_0_3_130188118446895" style="text-decoration: underline; color: rgb(35, 71, 134); outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; ">http://www.lnci.org.au/budgetresourcekit.html</a></span> <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; "><br />This kit provides information to help individuals manage budget preparation, understand credit and debt issues and address related legal problems such as dispute resolution, debt recovery and going to court. It also provides contact details for relevant agencies that can provide further information and assistance.<br /><br /><b>Coronial inquest unit (NSW), </b></span><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; ">2011, 2p., [Pamphlet], Legal Aid NSW, Free, 02 9219 5028, <a rel="nofollow" ymailto="mailto:publications@legalaid.nsw.gov.au" target="_blank" href="mailto:publications@legalaid.nsw.gov.au" style="text-decoration: underline; color: rgb(35, 71, 134); outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; ">publications@legalaid.nsw.gov.au</a></span> <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; "><br /><a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://lacextra.legalaid.nsw.gov.au/Publications/FileUpload/Doc/ImprintFile701.pdf" style="text-decoration: underline; color: rgb(35, 71, 134); outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; ">http://lacextra.legalaid.nsw.gov.au/Publications/FileUpload/Doc/ImprintFile701.pdf</a></span> <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; "><br />This pamphlet explains how Legal Aid can provide representation at coronial inquests and who they will represent. Details of how to apply for representation are also provided.<br /><br /><b>Disability support pension (NSW), </b></span><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; ">2011, 8p., [Pamphlet], Legal Aid NSW, Free, 02 9219 5028, <a rel="nofollow" ymailto="mailto:publications@legalaid.nsw.gov.au" target="_blank" href="mailto:publications@legalaid.nsw.gov.au" style="text-decoration: underline; color: rgb(35, 71, 134); outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; ">publications@legalaid.nsw.gov.au</a></span> <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; "><br /><a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://lacextra.legalaid.nsw.gov.au/Publications/FileUpload/Doc/ImprintFile703.pdf" style="text-decoration: underline; color: rgb(35, 71, 134); outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; ">http://lacextra.legalaid.nsw.gov.au/Publications/FileUpload/Doc/ImprintFile703.pdf</a></span> <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; "><br />This pamphlet provides information on how to claim a disability support pension and what to do if your claim has been refused. It also provides information for your doctor and contact details of Legal Aid offices throughout NSW.<br /><br /><b>Discrimination (Hot topics No 75) (NSW), </b></span><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; ">Melanie Schleiger, 2010, 24p., [Booklet], Legal Information Access Centre, $22.00, 02 9273 1558,<a rel="nofollow" ymailto="mailto:liac@sl.nsw.gov.au" target="_blank" href="mailto:liac@sl.nsw.gov.au" style="text-decoration: underline; color: rgb(35, 71, 134); outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; ">liac@sl.nsw.gov.au</a></span> <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; "><br /><a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.legalanswers.sl.nsw.gov.au/hot_topics/" style="text-decoration: underline; color: rgb(35, 71, 134); outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; ">http://www.legalanswers.sl.nsw.gov.au/hot_topics/</a></span> <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; "><br />This edition explains what discrimination law covers including age, disability, race, marital status and pregnancy and outlines options for people who have been victims of discrimination (including how to make complaint). It outlines the sources of anti-discrimination law both internationally and in Australia.<br /><br /><b>Domestic violence and </b></span><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; "><b>AVO</b><b> issues for flood victims (NSW), </b>2011, 2p., [Factsheet], Women's Legal Services NSW, Free, 02 9747 7700,<br /><a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.womenslegalnsw.asn.au/pdfs/WLSNSW-AVO-flood-factsheet.pdf" style="text-decoration: underline; color: rgb(35, 71, 134); outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; ">http://www.womenslegalnsw.asn.au/pdfs/WLSNSW-AVO-flood-factsheet.pdf</a></span> <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; "><br />This factsheet provides information for people protected by an AVO who have been affected by the recent flooding. It explains legal rights and options and provides contact details of various organisations that can provide further information and assistance.<br /><br /><b>Driving (NSW), </b></span><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; ">2010, 2p., [Factsheet], Shoalcoast Community Legal Centre Inc, Free, 02 4422 9529,<br /><a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.shoalcoast.org.au/publications/13-driving.html" style="text-decoration: underline; color: rgb(35, 71, 134); outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; ">http://www.shoalcoast.org.au/publications/13-driving.html</a></span> <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; "><br />This factsheet explains various legal considerations when driving including buying a car, insurance, motor vehicle accidents, driving and traffic offences. It also provides contact details for a number of relevant organisations that can provide further information.<br /><br /><b>Drugs and the law (Hot topics 59) (NSW), </b></span><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; ">Steve Bolt, 2011, 2nd ed., 28p., [Booklet], Legal Information Access Centre (LIAC), $22.00, 02 9273 1558, <a rel="nofollow" ymailto="mailto:liac@sl.nsw.gov.au" target="_blank" href="mailto:liac@sl.nsw.gov.au" style="text-decoration: underline; color: rgb(35, 71, 134); outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; ">liac@sl.nsw.gov.au</a></span> <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; "><br /><a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.legalanswers.sl.nsw.gov.au/guides/drugs/index.cfm" style="text-decoration: underline; color: rgb(35, 71, 134); outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; ">http://www.legalanswers.sl.nsw.gov.au/guides/drugs/index.cfm</a></span> <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; "><br />This updated issue covers drug laws in NSW, including possession, use and supply, youth related issues, the court process, diversion from the criminal justice system and useful contacts.<br /><br /><b>Franchisee start-up checklist (</b></span><span style="font-size: small; "> </span><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; "><b>Australia</b><b>), </b>2011, 11p., [Booklet], Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC), Free, 02 9230 9133,<br /><a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.accc.gov.au/content/item.phtml?itemId=750832&nodeId=ba8467e17612d806f4d0930113188140&fn=Franchisee%20startup%20checklist.pdf" style="text-decoration: underline; color: rgb(35, 71, 134); outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; ">http://www.accc.gov.au/content/item.phtml?itemId=750832&nodeId=ba8467e17612d806f4d0930113188140<br />&fn=Franchisee%20startup%20checklist.pdf</a></span> <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; "><br />This booklet explains the Franchising Code of Conduct and outlines a checklist of things to consider before purchasing a franchise business. It also discusses avenues available for dispute resolution under the Franchising Code and the role of the ACCC.<br /><br /><b>Going to a dispute resolution conference in the children's court: information for parents and carers (NSW), </b></span><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; ">2011, 6p., [Pamphlet], Department of Justice and Attorney General, Free, 02 9228 7777 or 1800 684 449, <a rel="nofollow" ymailto="mailto:communications@agd.nsw.gov.au" target="_blank" href="mailto:communications@agd.nsw.gov.au" style="text-decoration: underline; color: rgb(35, 71, 134); outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; ">communications@agd.nsw.gov.au</a></span> <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; "><br /><a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.courtwise.nsw.gov.au/lawlink/childrens_court/ll_cc.nsf/vwFiles/info_parents_carers.pdf/$file/info_parents_carers.pdf" style="text-decoration: underline; color: rgb(35, 71, 134); outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; ">http://www.courtwise.nsw.gov.au/lawlink/childrens_court/ll_cc.nsf/vwFiles/info_parents_carers.pdf/$file/info_parents_carers.pdf</a></span> <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; "><br />This pamphlet is aimed at parents and carers. It explains what a dispute resolution conference is, what the process is, who should attend and how to prepare for one.<br /><br /><b>Going to an independent mediation referred by the children's court: information for parents and carers (NSW), </b></span><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; ">2011, 6p., [Pamphlet], Department of Justice and Attorney General, Free, 02 9228 7777 or 1800 684 449, <a rel="nofollow" ymailto="mailto:communications@agd.nsw.gov.au" target="_blank" href="mailto:communications@agd.nsw.gov.au" style="text-decoration: underline; color: rgb(35, 71, 134); outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; ">communications@agd.nsw.gov.au</a></span> <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; "><br /><a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.lawlink.nsw.gov.au/lawlink/childrens_court/ll_cc.nsf/vwFiles/info_mediation_by_cc.pdf/$file/info_mediation_by_cc.pdf" style="text-decoration: underline; color: rgb(35, 71, 134); outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; ">http://www.lawlink.nsw.gov.au/lawlink/childrens_court/ll_cc.nsf/vwFiles/info_mediation_by_cc.pdf/$file/info_mediation_by_cc.pdf</a></span> <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; "><br />This pamphlet is aimed at parents and carers. It explains what mediation is and provides information on who attends mediation, what happens at mediation and how to prepare for mediation. <b> </b><br /><br /><b>Going to mediation: information for children and young people (NSW), </b></span><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; ">2011, 6p., [Pamphlet], Department of Justice and Attorney General, Free, 02 9228 7777 or 1800 684 449, <a rel="nofollow" ymailto="mailto:communications@agd.nsw.gov.au" target="_blank" href="mailto:communications@agd.nsw.gov.au" style="text-decoration: underline; color: rgb(35, 71, 134); outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; ">communications@agd.nsw.gov.au</a></span> <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; "><br /><a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.lawlink.nsw.gov.au/lawlink/childrens_court/ll_cc.nsf/vwFiles/info_children.pdf/$file/info_children.pdf" style="text-decoration: underline; color: rgb(35, 71, 134); outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; ">http://www.lawlink.nsw.gov.au/lawlink/childrens_court/ll_cc.nsf/vwFiles/info_children.pdf/$file/info_children.pdf</a></span> <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; "><br />This pamphlet is aimed at children and young people. It explains what mediation is and provides information on who attends mediation sessions, what happens at one and how to prepare to attend one.<br /><br /><b>How to get a work and development order (WDO) (NSW </b></span><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; "><b>Australia</b><b>), </b>2011, 4p., [Pamphlet], Illawarra Legal Centre, Free, 02 4276 1939,<br /><a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://yfoundations.org.au/files/News/WDO%20Brochure_A4.pdf" style="text-decoration: underline; color: rgb(35, 71, 134); outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; ">http://yfoundations.org.au/files/News/WDO%20Brochure_A4.pdf</a></span> <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; "><br />This brochure explains what a WDO is, who is eligible for one, the types of fines covered by a WDO and how to apply for one.<br /><br /><b>Human rights and discrimination (NSW), </b></span><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; ">2010, 2p., [Factsheet], Shoalcoast Community Legal Centre Inc, Free, 02 4422 9529,<br /><a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.shoalcoast.org.au/publications/12-human-rights-a-discimination.html" style="text-decoration: underline; color: rgb(35, 71, 134); outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; ">http://www.shoalcoast.org.au/publications/12-human-rights-a-discimination.html</a></span> <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; "><br />This factsheet explains what human rights are including human rights law in Australia, children's rights and discrimination. It also provides contact details for a number of relevant organisations that can provide further information.<br /><br /><b>New tenant checklist (NSW), </b></span><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; ">2011, [Web page], NSW Office of Fair Trading, Free, 13 32 20 / 1300 723 404,<br /><a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.fairtrading.nsw.gov.au/Tenants_and_home_owners/Renting_a_home/New_tenant_checklist.html" style="text-decoration: underline; color: rgb(35, 71, 134); outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; ">http://www.fairtrading.nsw.gov.au/Tenants_and_home_owners/Renting_a_home/New_tenant_checklist.html</a></span> <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; "><br />This checklist outlines what tenants should know before signing a lease including arrangements for repairs, paying upfront costs and moving in requirements. It also includes tips for problem-free renting.<br /><br /><b>Parenting and child support issues for flood victims (NSW), </b></span><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; ">2011, 3p., [Factsheet], Women's Legal Services NSW, Free, 02 9747 7700,<br /><a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.womenslegalnsw.asn.au/pdfs/WLSNSW-FL-flood-factsheet.pdf" style="text-decoration: underline; color: rgb(35, 71, 134); outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; ">http://www.womenslegalnsw.asn.au/pdfs/WLSNSW-FL-flood-factsheet.pdf</a></span> <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; "><br />This factsheet is for people under a parenting order or parenting plan who have been affected by the recent flooding. It provides information about family law parenting issues and child support, it explains legal rights and options and what to do if an order/plan cannot be obeyed. It also lists contact details of other organisations that can provide further information and assistance.<br /><br /><b>Rural landholder's guide to environmental law in New South Wales (NSW), </b></span><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; ">2011, 3rd ed., 108p., [Book], Environmental Defender's Office (NSW) Ltd, Free, 02 9262 6989, <a rel="nofollow" ymailto="mailto:education@edo.org.au" target="_blank" href="mailto:education@edo.org.au" style="text-decoration: underline; color: rgb(35, 71, 134); outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; ">education@edo.org.au</a></span> <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; "><br /><a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.edo.org.au/edonsw/site/pdf/pubs/rural_landholders_3rd_ed.pdf" style="text-decoration: underline; color: rgb(35, 71, 134); outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; ">http://www.edo.org.au/edonsw/site/pdf/pubs/rural_landholders_3rd_ed.pdf</a></span> <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; "><br />This updated guide aims to increase understanding of the legal rights and obligations of a landowner with regard to the management of land in accordance with environmental and natural resource management law. Topics covered include vegetation, bushfire and water management, protected plants and animals, development consent, pollution, agricultural chemicals, crops and stock, mining and quarrying and heritage protection.<br /><br /><b>Sorting out your electricity, gas and water bills (NSW), </b></span><span id="yui_3_2_0_3_1301881184468104" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; ">2011, 2p., [Factsheet], Energy and Water Ombudman NSW, Free,<br /><a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.ewon.com.au/ewon/assets/File/Publications/EWON_Factsheets/SortingOutYourElectricityGasAndWaterBills.pdf" id="yui_3_2_0_3_1301881184468103" style="text-decoration: underline; color: rgb(35, 71, 134); outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; ">http://www.ewon.com.au/ewon/assets/File/Publications/EWON_Factsheets/SortingOutYourElectricityGasAndWaterBills.pdf</a></span> <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; "><br />This updated factsheet gives an overview of issues encountered when paying electricity, gas and water bills, including opening and closing accounts, security deposits, pensioner rebates, unpaid bills, connection and disconnection and payment plans.<br /><br /><b>Tenancy reforms</b></span><span style="font-size: small; "> </span><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; ">2011, [Web page], NSW Office of Fair Trading, Free, 13 32 20 / 1300 723 404,<br /><a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.fairtrading.nsw.gov.au/About_us/News_and_events/Tenancy_reforms.html" style="text-decoration: underline; color: rgb(35, 71, 134); outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; ">http://www.fairtrading.nsw.gov.au/About_us/News_and_events/Tenancy_reforms.html</a></span> <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; "><br />This web page includes information on the new tenancy laws introduced on 31 January 2011. It includes information for tenants and landlords, new standard forms and video presentations on the new laws. <b> </b><br /><br /><b>Veterans advocacy service (NSW), </b></span><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; ">2010, 6p., [Pamphlet], Legal Aid NSW, Free, 02 9219 5028, <a rel="nofollow" ymailto="mailto:publications@legalaid.nsw.gov.au" target="_blank" href="mailto:publications@legalaid.nsw.gov.au" style="text-decoration: underline; color: rgb(35, 71, 134); outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; ">publications@legalaid.nsw.gov.au</a></span> <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; "><br /><a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://lacextra.legalaid.nsw.gov.au/Publications/FileUpload/Doc/ImprintFile131.pdf" style="text-decoration: underline; color: rgb(35, 71, 134); outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; ">http://lacextra.legalaid.nsw.gov.au/Publications/FileUpload/Doc/ImprintFile131.pdf</a></span> <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; "><br />This pamphlet explains services provided to veterans, defence force personnel and their dependants including legal advice, assistance with completing forms and lodging appeals and representation at boards, tribunals and courts.<br /><br /><b>Why make a will? (NSW), </b></span><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; ">2011, 4p., [Pamphlet], Legal Aid NSW, Free, 02 9219 5028, <a rel="nofollow" ymailto="mailto:publications@legalaid.nsw.gov.au" target="_blank" href="mailto:publications@legalaid.nsw.gov.au" style="text-decoration: underline; color: rgb(35, 71, 134); outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; ">publications@legalaid.nsw.gov.au</a></span> <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; "><br /><a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://lacextra.legalaid.nsw.gov.au/Publications/FileUpload/Doc/ImprintFile698.pdf" style="text-decoration: underline; color: rgb(35, 71, 134); outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; ">http://lacextra.legalaid.nsw.gov.au/Publications/FileUpload/Doc/ImprintFile698.pdf</a></span> <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; "><br />This pamphlet for older people explains what a will is, appointing an executor, changing a will, challenges to a will, who can make a will and the costs involved. It also provides contact details for other organisations that can provide further information and assistance.<br /><br /><b>Your consumer rights: environmental claims (</b></span><span style="font-size: small; "> </span><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; "><b>Australia</b><b>), </b>2011, 2p., [Factsheet], Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC), Free, 02 9230 9133,<br /><a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.accc.gov.au/content/item.phtml?itemId=808269&nodeId=06cf55664c677258de1abffd4e5641c9&fn=Your%20consumer%20rights,%20environmental%20claims.pdf" style="text-decoration: underline; color: rgb(35, 71, 134); outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; ">http://www.accc.gov.au/content/item.phtml?itemId=808269&nodeId=06cf55664c677258de1abffd4e5641c9<br />&fn=Your%20consumer%20rights,%20environmental%20claims.pdf</a></span> <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; "><br />This factsheet explains changes to the Competition and Consumer Act 2010 which came into effect on 1 January 2011. It explains what an environmental claim is, possible breaches of the Australian Consumer Law by businesses making environmental claims and the role of the ACCC regarding breaches of the Act.</span></p><span ><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Arial; font-size: 8pt; "><br />-------------------------------------------------------<br /><span ><span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); ">Plain Language Law</span></span> is produced by Erika Murray and Abigail Gray, Law and Justice Foundation of NSW, (02) 8227-3200, with assistance from the Legal Information Access Centre (LIAC). To find NSW plain language legal resources in particular subject areas contact LIAC (02) 9273 1558 or check the web at <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.liac.sl.nsw.gov.au/" style="text-decoration: underline; color: rgb(35, 71, 134); outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; ">http://www.liac.sl.nsw.gov.au</a> or call LawAccess on 1300 888 529 or check their website at: <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.lawaccess.nsw.gov.au/" style="text-decoration: underline; color: rgb(35, 71, 134); outline-style: none; outline-width: initial; outline-color: initial; ">http://www.lawaccess.nsw.gov.au</a>. </span></span></span>KD Consultinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13584961046852795514noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1564609742367006300.post-39816978141982567692011-02-16T19:29:00.000-08:002011-02-23T00:44:23.432-08:00Cambodia parliament passes controversial anti-corruption bill<div>[JURIST] The Cambodian parliament [official website] passed a controversial anti-corruption bill Wednesday meant to further transparency in government while opposition parties staged a walkout, saying the new law would stifle criticism and foster corruption. The law will create a national anti-corruption council to oversee investigators, but critics have said that the lack of independence from the government is troubling. Members of the opposition Sam Rainsy Party (SRP) [party website] and foreign NGOs criticized [Phnom Penh Post report] the law because it could potentially punish whistle blowers with prison terms, and does not require government officials and their spouses to disclose their assets. The UN mission in Cambodia [official website] released a statement [text] tentatively supporting the bill but calling on the government to allow more time for public debate.</div><div><br /></div><div>Transparency International (TI) [advocacy website] has criticized Cambodian corruption, and the country is ranked [TI corruption index] near the top of the list of most corrupt countries in the world. Last year, the UN cut off funding for the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia [official website], a court set up to prosecute Khmer Rouge officials, after it was accused of corruption [JURIST report] through a kick-back scheme. The UN and Cambodian officials later failed to reach an agreement on a system to monitor corruption [JURIST report] and the court had to rely on international donations [JURIST report] to make up for the shortfall.</div><div><br /></div><div><a href="http://www.scribd.com/full/49379067?access_key=key-n3st81xzgm3iqdcrnx9">anti-corruption law in Khmer is available here.</a></div>KD Consultinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13584961046852795514noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1564609742367006300.post-23807300005915090702010-09-03T20:28:00.000-07:002010-09-03T21:01:52.207-07:00National Program for Sub-National Democratic Development of Cambodia<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjpvVfkFuvyDkmmBsnHRDU8U_2t7r3LmtccvSCYdeL1LyKsr-ISJefEOQpvcLEjiH8KRyBaHdARKKUcfJzmED-1axaDuCg4iyrwsUAbz0WSS5Bu5h71H78zVzghVN68pSS6qBx84HsXrW0/s1600/Diagram+of+NP+SNDD.jpg"><img style="float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 282px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjpvVfkFuvyDkmmBsnHRDU8U_2t7r3LmtccvSCYdeL1LyKsr-ISJefEOQpvcLEjiH8KRyBaHdARKKUcfJzmED-1axaDuCg4iyrwsUAbz0WSS5Bu5h71H78zVzghVN68pSS6qBx84HsXrW0/s320/Diagram+of+NP+SNDD.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5512902763313668466" /></a><br />The National Program for Sub-National Democratic Development (NP-SNDD) is the RGC’s agenda for the next 10 years in the comprehensive and in-depth governance reform process of the sub-national administrations, which will also impact on other national institutions. The formulation of NP-SNDD reflects and confirms the RGC’s political commitment to the vision, policies and strategies outlined in the D&D Strategic Framework and the government’s commitment to implementing the Organic Laws on Capital, Province, Municipality, District and Commune/Sangkat administrations.<br /><div> </div><div>The NP-SNDD has been formulated while the RGC is strengthening the roles and responsibilities of institutions at all levels towards achieving good governance, development and poverty reduction. To achieve these goals, great efforts by all national and sub-national levels are required, as well as effective cooperation between them. In this reform process, there is a need for equal opportunity for all citizens to participate in local development and to demand better and more comprehensive public services to meet citizen’s needs, leading to poverty reduction and focusing on the most vulnerable groups, particularly the indigenous peoples, women and children. In this respect, the RGC’s goals for sub-national democratic development are to: </div><div><ul><li>Create a culture of local participatory democracy, accountable to the citizens; </li><li>Improve public services and infrastructures; </li><li>Bring about social and economic development; </li><li>Contribute to poverty reduction. Programme Areas </li></ul><div style="text-align: auto;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div><b>Program Areas</b></div><div>This document describes the goals, objectives and scope of the NP-SNDD implementation framework by platform (or phase) and sets out the activities planned under each programme area designed to achieve sub-national democratic development. It outlines five programme areas as following: </div><div><br /></div><div><b>1. Sub-national Institutional Development :</b> The directly and indirectly elected councils at all sub-national administrative levels are the primary means for program implementation. The establishments of those councils are not only for dialogue / forum purposes, and the D&D Framework and the Organic Laws expect those councils to achieve concrete results in improving the quality of local people’s lives, starting with the poorest of the poor and the vulnerable groups. The SNDD principles require that the elected councils at all sub-national levels represent their own communities, and are responsive and accountable to their local communities for their performance in carrying out their functions. To achieve this mission, sub-national councils shall receive the necessary authority and resources, including human, financial and physical resources, together with legal competency in order to make decisions serving the local communities’ interests. </div><div><br /></div><div>Therefore, the creation of sub-national councils significantly modify the lines of accountability for the existing sub-national administrations. The Organic Laws intended for sub-national councils to grow as a strong local foundation and to have autonomy, but no sovereignty. </div><div> </div></div><div>Responding to these changed requirements, sub-national councils shall have clear administrative structures, systems, and procedures in order to become strong local governance institutions, contributing towards poverty reduction and sustainable development across the country. </div><div><br /></div><div> <b>2. The Development of Strong Human Resource Management Systems:</b> The elected sub-national councils are composed of members from different political parties, and those council members would not have adequate skills and professions to perform all tasks. Furthermore, when more functions and resources are transferred to sub-national levels, the elected council members could not undertake all tasks and manage all resources by themselves. Therefore, the councils shall have qualified, competent and experienced staff to undertake functions on behalf of the councils and to implement the council’s decisions. The D&D Strategic Framework and Organic Laws require that the councils have their own permanent personnel to fulfill the council’s tasks, who in turn shall be accountability to the respective council. The Organic Law calls for the establishment of a personnel framework at sub-national administrations through the development of separate statute for civil servants at sub-national level under the Law on Civil Servant’ Statute of the Kingdom of Cambodia. The development of this personnel framework is a process linked with the transfer of functions and resources. This process of transferring personnel to the sub-national councils is complex and must be implemented with care. The NP-SNDD document has called for steps, phases and key activities in transferring personnel, adequately developing human resource management and development systems which ensure that there is no increase in the overall number of the staff in the country that could impact on the government’s payroll costs. </div><div><br /></div><div><b>3. The Transfer of Functions and Resources:</b> The provision of public services, materials/means and basic infrastructures is a crucial component in the sub-national democratic development. Councils of all sub-national administrative levels shall assigned functions, together with adequate resources, in order for them to be able to provide public services, necessary materials and basic infrastructures to their local communities. The transfer of functions and resources shall carried out in a transparent, coordinated and consultative manner according to plans, phases and appropriate rationales; and with minimum disruption of RGC and DP’s on-going operations. Effective provision of the public services is closely linked with the transfer of authority, bringing the handling of key basic public services closer to the people. At the same time, the effective provision of public services requires that elected councils, and appointed public officials who would undertake the functions have appropriate skills, competency and commitment. Effective provision of public services shall also ensure that local citizens have the right to participate in the process of making the decisions concerning the services which impact on their daily livelihoods; have the right to monitor and evaluate the performance of the elected councils and appointed officials; and, be able to assess the quality of the provided services. Therefore, the transfer of responsibilities for providing key and basic public services to subnational administrations; people’s participation in public administrations; local council’s capacity in the decision-making process to respond to the local needs focusing on poverty reduction, is core to the process of the sub-national democratic development. </div><div><br /></div><div><b>4. Sub-National Budget, Financial and Property Systems:</b> The D&D Strategic Framework and Organic Laws demanded that councils at each sub-national administrative level have adequate financial and property resources in order to be able to carry out their functions and responsibilities for responding to local citizen’s needs. For the councils to manage the transferred finance and properties with the highest transparency and integrity as well as a high level of accountability to the people and to the Royal Government, the Organic Law provided for the development of the Law on Financial Regime and Property Management at sub-national level, which ensures that the council will formulate, approve and implement its budget, with proper financial accounting, management of property and with internal and external audits on the council’s budget and finance in accordance with rules, systems and procedures. This fourth program area also describes the council’s needs in terms of the development of the 5-year development plan and 3-year rolling investment program which define their council’s visions for own territory’s development. Activities of the fourth program area defined in each of the platforms supports the council’s decision-making authority on their own plans, finance, budget and property in the response to their respective local needs in accordance with the principles of local autonomy determined in the Organic Laws. </div><div><br /></div><div> <b>5. Support Institutions for D&D Reform Process:</b> The sub-national administration reform process under the principles of democratic development through D&D will impact institutions at both national and sub-national levels. Therefore to ensure smooth operation of this reform, a strong mechanism is required to coordinate institutions at both national and sub-national levels, for the NP-SNDD implementation. The coordination among institutions at national level is carried out in the process of reviewing functions, resources and responsibilities of the national ministries and agencies for the transfer to appropriate sub-national council(s) of basic key functions and resources directly impacting on the daily livelihoods of the local communities. In this process, existing roles and responsibilities of national ministries and agencies which cover policy and strategy development, as well as all sectoral program implementation, will be changed to development of policy, strategy and national standards on the transferred functions. To coordinate this complex and in-depth reform, the Organic Law called for the establishment of a permanent inter-ministerial mechanism to be the arm of the RGC for the implementation of the Organic Law, namely the National Committee for Sub-National Democratic Development, abbreviated as NCDD. The NP-SNDD has determined the roles and responsibilities of NCDD to coordinate and oversee the implementation of the NP-SNDD through close cooperation with the Council for Administrative Reform (CAR), the PFM Reform Committee and other sectoral reform mechanisms on ensuring adequate staffing, capacity, financing and other resources according to each implementation phase. </div><div><br /></div><div>In conclusion, democratic development does not have an end, but it embeds a process of gradual progress through policy development, program implementation and lesson learning, with program assessment and review leading to gradual improvement. </div><div><br /></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" >Detail program is her</span>e (<a href="http://www.ncdd.gov.kh/resources/documents/manual-a-guidelines/doc_download/489-2010-national-program-khmer">in Khmer</a>) (<a href="http://www.ncdd.gov.kh/resources/documents/manual-a-guidelines/doc_download/490-2010-national-program-english">in English</a>)</div>KD Consultinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13584961046852795514noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1564609742367006300.post-3863587671969050012010-08-13T19:12:00.000-07:002010-08-14T17:16:12.662-07:00Policy & legal framework on the genetic resource linked to intellectual property rights and its implementation in Cambodia<p class="MsoSubtitle" style="text-align:justify"><b><span style="font-size:13.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">Background<o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">The relationship between agriculture, genetic resources, traditional knowledge and intellectual property rights is a contentious, on-going, issue of debate in several multilateral institutions. These include the World Trade Organization (WTO), and the World Intellectual Property Organization (WI PO), the Convention on Biological Diversity Conference of the Parties (CBD COP), and the United Nations' Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO).<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; ">So far the government of Cambodia is a member of CBD and the government has developed a National Biodiversity Strategies and Action Plan since 2002. The strategy and actions has been implemented and enforced in order to preserve and develop the biodiversity in Cambodia. Furthermore, the government developed a number of laws and regulation to protect the intellectual property rights however there is no clear policy/strategy or law to protect the intellectual property rights in the framework of genetic resource.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; ">The nature and terms under which genetic resources can be accessed have changed dramatically in recent years. The free flow and trade of genetic resources has been replaced by a wide range of national and international legal instruments that seek to regulate access, control and use of genetic biodiversity and to protect traditional knowledge. Of particular concern is the recent trend to extend intellectual property rights (patents and plant breeder's rights) to plant genetic resources. Recently, for instant, even there is an initial project to protect the patent rights of bio-rice for exporting to European country but a lot of issues are happened since there is not yet national policy to protect that issue.</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; "> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">The government of Cambodia did take any action concerning to the resource genetic which has been traditionally used and implemented by the local Cambodian people long time, for example, in agriculture sector. The conservation and development of genetic resources is crucial for the maintenance of key crops and the improvement of crop varieties and breeds and, ultimately, for food security. But the implementation of the strategy and action and other laws and policy related to protect intellectual property rights in genetic resource is still a question.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; ">Genetic resources also play a fundamental role in many contexts. In recent years, NGOs have been arguing that the current operation of the international intellectual property system is not preventing bio-piracy, but instead is encouraging it. For example, they point to cases which excessively broad patents have been granted over genetic biodiversity. They are pressing to introduce mechanisms into the international intellectual property system to Cambodian to address these issues.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; ">The council for Legal and Judicial Reform is a body to deal with the development of the policy and strategy of the government in the framework of law for the country in which action to develop a policy/law related to the genetic resource linked to intellectual property rights to improve the intellectual property rights as a whole is a priority action of the government strategy in the framework of legal reform. Therefore it is time for Cambodia to consider on this issue.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; ">The objective of the development of the genetic resource linked to intellectual property rights is to make sure that all genetic resource will be used in the proper way included<a name="OLE_LINK2"></a><a name="OLE_LINK1"><span style="mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2">: (i) balancing the rights of breeders with the rights of local farmers in developing countries to save,' share, sell, and replant seed; (ii) equitable sharing of benefits between plant breeders and farmers to take account of the latter's contribution to innovations in plant breeding and plant patenting; (iii) the protection of genetic resources through measures which prevent the grant of patents over genetic resources; and (iv) the protection of the innovations of indigenous and other traditional communities and the recognition of their traditional knowledge.</span></a></span></p> <span style="mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2"></span><span style="mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK1"></span> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; ">Of course, technical support from different stakeholders, especially from international support like WIPO, WTO, CBD COP, and FAO is very important. The Council plan to develop such a very important policy for the government as soon as possible since now it is time for Cambodia to build up international commercial relationship and to make sure that their own genetic resource and traditional knowledge are ensured intellectual property rights.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; "></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">To develop such a policy/strategy or law for this issue will is a deal and needs a lot of time and efforts to achieve. Therefore, this project should look at (1) assessment of the existing policy and legal framework on the genetic resource linked to intellectual property rights and its implementation in Cambodia, (2) establish policy for genetic resource linked to intellectual property rights for Cambodian context, and (3) develop legal framework to protect intellectual property rights in genetic resource. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p>Concerning to the relevant policy/strategy and legal framework to support that area, please see t he list of the relevant of those policy and legal framework as followings:</o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p>International agreement:</o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"></p><ul><li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, helvetica, sans; font-size: small; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px; "><a href="http://www.ukabc.org/ITPGRe.pdf">International Treaty on Plan Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture</a> which Cambodia was signed on 11 June 2002 and <a href="http://www.fao.org/Legal/TREATIES/033s-e.htm">accepted on 11 June 2002</a> </span></li><li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, helvetica, sans; font-size: small; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px; "><a href="http://www.grain.org/brl_files/asean-access-2000-en.pdf">Asean Framework Agreement on Access to Biological and Genetic Resources</a></span></li><li><a href="http://tcc.export.gov/Trade_Agreements/All_Trade_Agreements/exp_002794.asp">Agreement between the United State of America and the Kingdom of Cambodia on Trade Relations and Intellectual Property Rights Protection in 1996 </a></li><li><span class="Apple-style-span" ><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 19px; line-height: 21px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" ><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 13px; line-height: normal;"><br /></span></span></span></span></li></ul><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p>National laws and regulations:</o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"></p><ul><li><span class="Apple-style-span" ><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 15px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Geneva, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px; "><b><a href="http://www.wipo.int/clea/en/details.jsp?id=5883">Enforcement (Customs & Borders Measures), Law, 2007</a>, </b>Law on Customs of The Kingdom of Cambodia dated 20 July 2007</span></span></span></li><li><span class="Apple-style-span" ><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 15px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Geneva, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px; "><b><a href="http://www.wipo.int/clea/en/details.jsp?id=6396">Traditional Cultural Expressions (Cultural Heritage & Property), Law, 199</a><a href="http://www.wipo.int/clea/en/details.jsp?id=6396" style="text-decoration: underline; color: rgb(0, 51, 153); ">6</a></b><br />Law (Kram) of National Assembly dated 25 January 1996 on the Protection of Cultural Heritage</span></span></span></li><li><span class="Apple-style-span" ><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 15px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Geneva, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px; "><b><a href="http://www.wipo.int/clea/en/details.jsp?id=5969">Intellectual Property (Shares & Value of Intellectual Property Rights, Commercial Enterprises), Law, 2005</a></b><br />Law of National Assembly of May 17, 2005 on Commercial Entreprise</span></span></span></li><li><span class="Apple-style-span" ><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 15px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Geneva, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px; "><b><a href="http://www.wipo.int/clea/en/details.jsp?id=5966" style="text-decoration: underline; color: rgb(0, 51, 153); ">Copyright (No. 2498), Regulation, 2003</a></b><br />The Copyright and Related Rights Regulation No. 2498 of September 27, 2003</span></span></span></li><li><span class="Apple-style-span" ><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 15px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Geneva, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px; "><b><a href="http://www.wipo.int/clea/en/details.jsp?id=5781">Patents & Utility Models & Industrial Designs, Law, 2003</a></b><br />Law on Patents, Utility Models and Industrial Designs of January 22 , 2003, supplemented on June 29, 2006 by Prakas (Decree) No. 706 on Procedure granting Patent and Utility Model Certificates</span></span></span></li><li><span class="Apple-style-span" ><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 15px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Geneva, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px; "><b><a href="http://www.wipo.int/clea/en/details.jsp?id=5782">Copyright, Law, 2003</a></b><br />Law on Copyright and Related Rights of National Assembly of January 21, 2003</span></span></span></li><li><span class="Apple-style-span" ><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px;"><b><a href="http://www.wipo.int/clea/en/details.jsp?id=5780">Trademarks & Trade Names & Unfair Competition, Law, 2002</a></b><br />Law concerning Marks, Trade Names and Acts of Unfair Competition of the Kingdom of Cambodia by the National Assembly on February 7, 2002</span></span></li><li><span class="Apple-style-span" ><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 15px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Geneva, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px; "><b><a href="http://www.wipo.int/clea/en/details.jsp?id=6403">Trademarks & Geographical Indications (Food Labels & Products Origins), Regulation, 2000 </a></b><br />Prakas No. 1045 of|Ministry of Industry, Mines and Energy|on Cambodian Standard CS 001-2000 related to labelling of food product</span></span></span></li><li><span class="Apple-style-span" ><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 15px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Geneva, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px; "><b><a href="http://www.wipo.int/clea/en/details.jsp?id=5783">Enforcement (Border & Market, Quality & Safety of Products and Services), Law, 2000</a></b><br />Law on the Management of Quality and Safety of Products and Services of June 21, 2000</span></span></span></li><li><span class="Apple-style-span" ><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 15px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Geneva, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px; "><b><a href="http://www.wipo.int/clea/en/details.jsp?id=5886">Other, Constitution, as amended 1999</a></b><br />The Constitution of September 21, 1993, as amended on March 6, 1999</span></span></span></li><li><span class="Apple-style-span" ><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 15px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Geneva, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px; "><b><a href="http://www.wipo.int/clea/en/details.jsp?id=5784">Enforcement (Border & Market, Phamarceutical Products), Law, 1996</a></b><br />Law on the Management of Phamarceutical Products of May 9, 1996</span></span></span></li><li><span class="Apple-style-span" ><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 15px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Geneva, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px; ">Enforcement, criminal and<a href="http://darakhlok.googlepages.com/CodeofCriminalProcedureKhmer-English.pdf"> criminal procedure code</a></span></span></span></li><li><span class="Apple-style-span" ><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 15px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Geneva, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px; ">Enforcement, civil and civil procedure code </span></span></span></li></ul><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p>However, starting from this context, a number of involved reports or research has been done so far as list below:</o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"></p><ul><li><a href="http://www.apforgen.org/apfCD/APFORGENProceedingsDehra06.pdf">Forest Genetic Resource</a></li><li><a href="http://www.wipo.int/edocs/mdocs/tk/en/wipo_grtkf_ic_14/wipo_grtkf_ic_14_12_prov_2.pdf">Intergovernmental Committee on Intellectual Property and Genetic Resource</a></li><li> </li></ul><p></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">In this project of change, I will focus only the first project which is to assess the existing policy or legal framework on the genetic resource linked to intellectual property rights and its implementation in Cambodia. To do that, a number of activities will need to be conducted.<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>Therefore the strategy to achieve this is (1) prepare working group for the assessment, (2) collect all related documents, (3) analyze, (4) make report and recommendations. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p></p>KD Consultinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13584961046852795514noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1564609742367006300.post-70915550870005454522010-07-28T22:33:00.000-07:002010-07-28T22:35:43.427-07:00NGOs Law and GovernanceNGO Law and Governance: A Resource Book<br /><br />Today non-government organizations (NGOs) worldwide have budgets totaling billions of dollars with tens of millions of staff. But are laws and internal controls keeping pace with their size and power?<br /><br />NGO Law and Governance answers a need in an area that has experienced enormous growth over the past 25 years. Interest in the legal aspects of NGOs has increased due to their greater participation in civil society and political life.<br /><br />The author, from his practical knowledge in the field, has written a concise survey for the general reader of the main issues and principles that affect most internationally operating NGOs. Attention is also paid to the improvement of governance in local and development-focused NGOs, which still work primarily in their home countries.<br /><br />This book will be of interest to members, managers and volunteers of big and small NGOs and also development practitioners and students of social change. It will be helpful to anyone seeking an understanding of the basic content of international and domestic laws and generally accepted governance principles impacting the operation of the civil society sector.<div><br /></div><div><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#FF0000;"><a href="http://www.adbi.org/files/2007.12.26.book.ngo.law.governance.pdf">Click here to get a full book on NGOs Law and Governance</a></span></b></div><div>source www.adbi.org</div>KD Consultinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13584961046852795514noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1564609742367006300.post-37302377047683204282010-07-27T20:22:00.000-07:002010-07-28T22:36:26.630-07:00Draft NGOs law will go to parliament soon<span class="Apple-style-span" style=" color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 18px; font-family:Arial, sans-serif;font-size:12px;"><h2 class="contentheading" style="font-family: Cambria, 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; line-height: 1.1; font-size: 30px; font-weight: normal; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 8px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; ">NGO regulation: Draft law to drop within five months</h2><div class="article-tools clearfix" style=" display: block; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 0px; width: 625px; clear: both; color: rgb(171, 171, 171); position: relative; font-size:12px;"><div class="article-meta" style=" padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; width: 437px; float: left; text-transform: uppercase; font-size:12px;"><span class="createdate" style=" color: rgb(153, 153, 153); padding-top: 3px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 3px; padding-left: 0px; background-image: url(http://www.phnompenhpost.com/templates/ja_teline_ii/images/vline.gif); background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background- background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; font-size:11px;color:initial;">TUESDAY, 27 JULY 2010 15:01 </span><span class="createby" style=" color: rgb(153, 153, 153); padding-top: 3px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 3px; padding-left: 5px; text-transform: uppercase; font-size:11px;">CHRISTY CHOI AND CHHAY CHANNYDA</span></div><div class="buttonheading" style="font-size: 12px; position: static; top: -25px; right: 0px; width: 62px; padding-top: 3px; padding-right: 3px; padding-bottom: 3px; padding-left: 3px; float: right; "><span><a href="http://www.phnompenhpost.com/index.php/component/option,com_mailto/link,aHR0cDovL3d3dy5waG5vbXBlbmhwb3N0LmNvbS9pbmRleC5waHAvMjAxMDA3Mjc0MDc4Mi9OYXRpb25hbC1uZXdzL25nby1yZWd1bGF0aW9uLWRyYWZ0LWxhdy10by1kcm9wLXdpdGhpbi1maXZlLW1vbnRocy5odG1s/tmpl,component/" title="E-mail" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 153); text-decoration: none; "><img src="http://www.phnompenhpost.com/templates/ja_teline_ii/images/emailButton.png" alt="E-mail" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 5px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-style: none; border-right-style: none; border-bottom-style: none; border-left-style: none; border-width: initial; border-color: initial; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; float: right; " /></a></span><span><a href="http://www.phnompenhpost.com/index.php/2010072740782/National-news/ngo-regulation-draft-law-to-drop-within-five-months/Print.html" title="Print" rel="nofollow" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 153); text-decoration: none; "><img src="http://www.phnompenhpost.com/templates/ja_teline_ii/images/printButton.png" alt="Print" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 5px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-style: none; border-right-style: none; border-bottom-style: none; border-left-style: none; border-width: initial; border-color: initial; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; float: right; " /></a></span><span><a href="http://www.phnompenhpost.com/index.php/pdf/2010072740782/National-news/ngo-regulation-draft-law-to-drop-within-five-months.pdf" title="PDF" rel="nofollow" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 153); text-decoration: none; "><img src="http://www.phnompenhpost.com/templates/ja_teline_ii/images/pdf_button.png" alt="PDF" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 5px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-style: none; border-right-style: none; border-bottom-style: none; border-left-style: none; border-width: initial; border-color: initial; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; float: right; " /></a></span></div></div><div class="article-content" size="12px" style=" "><div class="ultimatesbplugin_top" style="font-size: 12px; float: right; text-align: center; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 10px; "></div><br /><span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0); "><strong>NGO regulation</strong></span><br /><span class="dropcap" style="float: left; padding-top: 4px; padding-right: 8px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; display: block; color: rgb(75, 75, 75); font: normal normal normal 50px/40px Georgia, Times, serif; ">A</span>draft version of a controversial proposal for a law to regulate NGOs could be ready for public consultation by the end of the year, an Interior Ministry official said yesterday.<br /><br />Mey Narath, deputy director of the Ministry of Interior’s department of political affairs, said a draft law for NGOs would be “finished in four to five months”, at which time a forum would be held to obtain comments from Cambodia’s NGOs. He said a final version of the law would likely not reach parliament until 2013.<br /><br />At a meeting with civil society groups last Thursday, Mey Narath pledged his support to increase collaboration between the government and NGOs.<br />However, some groups fear an NGO law could be used to stifle organisations that are critical of the government.<br /><br />Ou Virak, president of the Cambodian Centre for Human Rights, said the law may allow the government to hamper an NGO’s operations by placing restrictions on financing.<br /><br />Hang Chhaya, executive director of the Khmer Institute for Democracy, also questioned the government’s motivations, but said the time had come to “move on and find a novel way to engage with the government”.</div><div class="article-content" size="12px" style=" "><br /></div><div class="article-content" style="font-size: 12px; ">A number of critic has been done by different group civil society, for example, </div><div class="article-content" style="font-size: 12px; "><ul><li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 20px; border-collapse: collapse; font-weight: bold; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><a href="http://cambodia.ka-set.info/powers/news-law-ngo-associations-civil-society-081208.html"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#FF0000;">NGO Law in Cambodia: top issue on government's agenda, the civil society in jeopardy?</span></span></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#FF0000;"> </span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#FF0000;">, has been criticized by Ka-Zet website. </span></span></li><li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 28px; font-weight: bold; font-family:arial, helvetica, sans;"><a href="http://www.alertnet.org/db/an_art/52132/2010/02/5-155332-1.htm"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#FF0000;">Cambodia</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#FF0000;">'s proposed NGO law stirs suspicion and concern</span></span></a></span>, by Thomson Reuter foundation</li><li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(200, 158, 82); line-height: normal; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:21px;"><a href="http://ipsnews.net/news.asp?idnews=45108"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#FF0000;"><b>New Laws May Curb NGO Activity</b></span></span></a></span>, by IPSNEWs</li><li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: normal; font-family:Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><h2 style="font-size: 16px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-left: 10px; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: dotted; border-bottom-color: rgb(215, 111, 56); "><a name="r-131" class="within" style="text-decoration: none; text-align: left; "></a><a href="http://www.licadho-cambodia.org/reports/files/131LICADHOBriefingPaper-IsanNGOLawinCambodiaJustified.pdf"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#FF0000;">Is an NGO Law in Cambodia Justified?</span></span></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#FF0000;"> </span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 18px; font-family:Arial, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal;">, by LICADHO </span></span></span></h2><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:Arial, sans-serif;color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 18px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:large;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#FF6666;"><a href="http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&cd=7&ved=0CDQQFjAG&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iccsl.org%2Fpubs%2FCambodiaBriefingPaper4-15-05.pdf&ei=7KJPTJLsFc6XcZ31haQB&usg=AFQjCNHkSVPf_g2_fEi2o8qt8wMlLt8sUA&sig2=hpSWxpcQktnfDbybID5Zww"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#FF0000;"><b>Briefing Note on CSO Law Issues</b></span></span> </a></span></span>, by </span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 18px; font-family:Arial, sans-serif;">The International Center for Civil Society Law , </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 18px; font-family:Arial, sans-serif;">April 2005 </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 18px; font-family:Arial, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" ;font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><strong><span style=" ;font-size:medium;"><span style=" ;font-family:'book antiqua', palatino;"><a href="http://www.blogger.com/NGO%20Law%20and%20Association%20News"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#FF0000;">NGO Law and Association News</span></span></a>, by Cooperation Committee for Cambodia</span></span></strong></span></span></div></span></li></ul></div><div class="article-content" style="font-size: 12px; ">source: www.phnompenhpost.com</div></span>KD Consultinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13584961046852795514noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1564609742367006300.post-16368043339202677172010-07-25T23:19:00.001-07:002010-07-25T23:19:56.258-07:00To be confident<div><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" ;font-family:'Khmer OS System', Arial, sans-serif;font-size:14px;"><h2 class="post-title" style="font-size: 24px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font-weight: normal; "><a href="http://sabay.com.kh/blog/articles/19465" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-decoration: none; border-top-style: none; border-right-style: none; border-bottom-style: none; border-left-style: none; border-width: initial; border-color: initial; ">ចង់បានជោគជ័យត្រូវមានទំនុកចិត្ត!</a></h2><span class="post-meta" style="padding-top: 6px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 6px; padding-left: 10px; display: block; width: 590px; text-transform: uppercase; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: rgb(241, 242, 242); background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-size:10px;">ផ្សាយក្នុងផ្នែក <a href="http://sabay.com.kh/blog/topics/life" title="មើលអត្ថបទទាំងអស់" rel="category tag" style="color: rgb(177, 109, 25); font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; ">ជីវិតនិងសង្គម</a>, <a href="http://sabay.com.kh/blog/topics/sabay" title="មើលអត្ថបទទាំងអស់" rel="category tag" style="color: rgb(177, 109, 25); font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; ">សប្បាយ</a> ដោយ MENGKIANG កាលពី 26 JUL 2010</span><div class="post-content" style="margin-top: 20px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-left: 0px; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; "><p style="font-size: 14px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); "><img class="size-full wp-image-19467 alignright" title="IMAG033" src="http://sabay.com.kh/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/IMAG033.jpg" alt="" width="335" height="299" style="float: right; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-left: 20px; border-top-width: 1px; border-right-width: 1px; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-left-width: 1px; border-top-style: solid; border-right-style: solid; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(218, 218, 218); border-right-color: rgb(218, 218, 218); border-bottom-color: rgb(218, 218, 218); border-left-color: rgb(218, 218, 218); " />ក្នុងទំព័រនេះសប្បាយចង់សំណេះសំណាលជាមួយមិត្តយុវវ័យបន្តិចពីបញ្ហាទំនុកចិត្តចំពោះខ្លួនឯង។<br />មិត្តយុវវ័យប្រាកដជាធ្លាប់ឆ្លងកាត់បទពិសោធន៍ជីវិតច្រើនមកហើយក្នុងរយៈពេលកន្លងមកនេះ ជីវិតគ្រួសារ ទំនាក់ទំនងនឹងសាច់ញាតិ មិត្តភ័ក្ដិ ជីវិតសិក្សា ឬ អាចមានបញ្ហាស្នេហាក៏ថាបាន។<br />សប្បាយចង់ទាញអារម្មណ៍យុវវ័យមកក្នុងទំព័រនេះដើម្បីស្វែងយល់ពីចំណេះដឹងមួយចំនួនដែលមានប្រយោជន៍យ៉ាងសំខាន់ ហើយមានមនុស្សជាច្រើនមិនដឹងថានេះជាផ្នែកមួយនៃកត្តាដែលនាំយើងទៅរកជោគជ័យលើគ្រប់បញ្ហាគឺ “ទំនុកចិត្តលើខ្លួន” ដូច្នេះមិនថាយុវវ័យស្ថិតនៅក្នុងការប្រឈមនឹងបញ្ហាណាមួយដែលបានរៀបរាប់មកខាងលើនេះ ឬមានរឿងអ្វីផ្សេងទៀតនោះទេ អ្វីដែលសំខាន់យុវវ័យត្រូវមានទំនុកចិត្តចំពោះខ្លួនឯងជាមុនសិន។<br />ជាការពិតណាស់ក្នុងស្ថានភាពលំបាកមនុស្សអាចនឹងបាត់បង់ទំនុកចិត្ត ដូច្នេះដើម្បីអោយក្លាយទៅជាមនុស្សម្នាក់ដែលមានទំនុកចិត្តចំពោះខ្លួនឯងតើយុវវ័យត្រូវធ្វើយ៉ាងណា?<br />ខាងក្រោមនេះសប្បាយបានដកស្រង់យ៉ាងសង្ខេបពីគន្លឹះខ្លះៗដែលនឹងជួយអោយយុវវ័យកសាងទំនុកចិត្តសម្រាប់ខ្លួនឯង!<br /><img class="size-full wp-image-19472 alignleft" title="childJumpKickDude-HI" src="http://sabay.com.kh/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/childJumpKickDude-HI.jpg" alt="" width="342" height="235" style="float: left; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-left: 0px; border-top-width: 1px; border-right-width: 1px; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-left-width: 1px; border-top-style: solid; border-right-style: solid; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(218, 218, 218); border-right-color: rgb(218, 218, 218); border-bottom-color: rgb(218, 218, 218); border-left-color: rgb(218, 218, 218); " />-ទទួលស្គាល់ថាខ្លួនឯងជាអ្នកណា ហើយបញ្ជាក់ពីតម្លៃរបស់ខ្លួន។<br />-ឈប់ប្រៀបធៀបខ្លួនឯងទៅនឹងអ្នកដទៃពីចំណុចដែលអ្នកមានហើយគេគ្មាន គេមានតែអ្នកគ្មាន។<br />-ត្រូវជឿជាក់លើអ្វីដែលអ្នកនិយាយនិងធ្វើ។<br />-និយាយយឺតៗ អោយច្បាស់ ម៉ត់ចត់ និង សុភាព។<br />-ចេះស្ដាប់អ្នកដទៃនឹងអោយតម្លៃទស្សនៈរបស់គេ។<br />-ចេះទទួលកំហុសខ្លួនឯង ហើយសុំទោសពីទង្វើដែលអ្នកធ្វើខុស។<br />-ត្រូវមានហេតុផលចំពោះរាល់ប្រធានបទដែលអ្នកចង់និយាយជាមួយអ្នកផ្សេង។<br />-កុំធ្វើជាចេះចំពោះអ្វីដែលអ្នកមិនចេះ។<br />-កុំព្យាយាមចាប់ថ្នាក់អ្នកដទៃដើម្បីបញ្ជាក់ថាគេទន់ខ្សោយ ឬអន់ជាងខ្លួន។<br />-កុំខ្លាចនឹងបង្ហាញបីទស្សនៈរបស់ខ្លួន។<br /><img class="size-full wp-image-19469 alignright" title="determination" src="http://sabay.com.kh/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/determination.jpg" alt="" width="413" height="275" style="float: right; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-left: 20px; border-top-width: 1px; border-right-width: 1px; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-left-width: 1px; border-top-style: solid; border-right-style: solid; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(218, 218, 218); border-right-color: rgb(218, 218, 218); border-bottom-color: rgb(218, 218, 218); border-left-color: rgb(218, 218, 218); " />-មុននឹងនិយាយ ឬ ធ្វើត្រូវគិតយ៉ាងហោចណាស់អោយបានពីរដង។<br />-ត្រូវចងចាំថាក្នុងឆាកជីវិតរបស់មនុស្សគ្មាននរណាម្នាក់ចេះគ្រប់យ៉ាងនោះទេ ហើយការដែលត្រូវរៀនអ្វីដែលថ្មីគ្មានអ្វីខុសឆ្គងទេទោះជាត្រូវរៀនពីមនុស្សដែលមានវ័យក្មេងជាង មានចំណេះដឹងទូទៅទាបជាងក៏ដោយ។<br />-នៅពេលមាននរណានិយាយពីខ្លួនយើង ហើយនោះគឺជារឿងខុស យើងត្រូវតវ៉ាដើម្បីបញ្ជាក់ថានោះគីជារឿងមិនពិត។<br />-មិនត្រូវមានទំនុកចិត្តជ្រុលពេកទេ ការមានទំនុកចិត្តជ្រុលពេកអាចមានផលអាក្រក់ដូចការខ្វះទំនុកចិត្តដែរ។<br />សប្បាយៈ យុវវ័យចង់បានអ្វី? ចង់ធ្វើអ្វី? ចង់សម្រេចអ្វី? យុវវ័យគួរសម្រេចកិច្ចការទីមួយសិន គឺត្រូវសាងទំនុកចិត្តអោយខ្លួនឯង។ ដូចប្អូនៗដែលត្រូវប្រឡងទុតិយភូមិនៅឆ្នាំនេះត្រូវមានទំនុកចិត្តថាប្អូននឹងប្រឡងជាប់៕<br /><strong style="font-weight: bold; ">បកប្រែៈ ស្រ៊ុន ម៉េងគាង</strong></p></div></span></div><div>Source: www.sabay.com.kh</div>KD Consultinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13584961046852795514noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1564609742367006300.post-683499998522925172010-07-25T17:16:00.000-07:002010-07-25T17:16:03.959-07:00Cambodia governance Indicator Scorecard<a href="http://report.globalintegrity.org/Cambodia/2008/scorecard">Global Integrity Report</a><div><br /></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 11px; "><div class="pageTitle" style="font-family: Futura, Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; ">Cambodia: Integrity Indicators Scorecard</div><p></p><div class="scorecardHomeHeader" style="font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 51, 0); ">Overall Score: 46 (+/- 0.94) - Very Weak</div><p></p><table class="altRowTable" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 10px; padding-right: 10px; padding-bottom: 10px; padding-left: 10px; width: 663px; border-collapse: collapse; "><tbody><tr><td colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td class="scorecardHomeHeader" style="font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 51, 0); ">Category I</td><td class="scorecardHomeHeader" style="font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 51, 0); "><strong style="font-size: 12px; ">Civil Society, Public Information and Media</strong></td><td class="scorecardHomeHeader" style="font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 51, 0); ">41</td><td class="scorecardHomeHeader" style="font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 51, 0); ">Very Weak</td></tr><tr class="altRow1" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; "><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">I-1</td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; "><a href="http://report.globalintegrity.org/Cambodia/2008/scorecard/2" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-decoration: none; font-family: Futura, Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; font-weight: bold; ">Civil Society Organizations</a></td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">58</td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">Very Weak</td></tr><tr class="altRow2" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; background-color: rgb(247, 247, 247); "><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">I-2</td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; "><a href="http://report.globalintegrity.org/Cambodia/2008/scorecard/7" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-decoration: none; font-family: Futura, Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; font-weight: bold; ">Media</a></td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">43</td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">Very Weak</td></tr><tr class="altRow1" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; "><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">I-3</td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; "><a href="http://report.globalintegrity.org/Cambodia/2008/scorecard/15" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-decoration: none; font-family: Futura, Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; font-weight: bold; ">Public Access to Information</a></td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">22</td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">Very Weak</td></tr><tr><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td class="scorecardHomeHeader" style="font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 51, 0); ">Category II</td><td class="scorecardHomeHeader" style="font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 51, 0); "><strong style="font-size: 12px; ">Elections</strong></td><td class="scorecardHomeHeader" style="font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 51, 0); ">55</td><td class="scorecardHomeHeader" style="font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 51, 0); ">Very Weak</td></tr><tr class="altRow1" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; "><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">II-1</td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; "><a href="http://report.globalintegrity.org/Cambodia/2008/scorecard/19" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-decoration: none; font-family: Futura, Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; font-weight: bold; ">Voting & Citizen Participation</a></td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">86</td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">Strong</td></tr><tr class="altRow2" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; background-color: rgb(247, 247, 247); "><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">II-2</td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; "><a href="http://report.globalintegrity.org/Cambodia/2008/scorecard/23" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-decoration: none; font-family: Futura, Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; font-weight: bold; ">Election Integrity</a></td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">75</td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">Moderate</td></tr><tr class="altRow1" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; "><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">II-3</td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; "><a href="http://report.globalintegrity.org/Cambodia/2008/scorecard/26" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-decoration: none; font-family: Futura, Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; font-weight: bold; ">Political Financing</a></td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">5</td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">Very Weak</td></tr><tr><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td class="scorecardHomeHeader" style="font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 51, 0); ">Category III</td><td class="scorecardHomeHeader" style="font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 51, 0); "><strong style="font-size: 12px; ">Government Accountability</strong></td><td class="scorecardHomeHeader" style="font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 51, 0); ">31</td><td class="scorecardHomeHeader" style="font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 51, 0); ">Very Weak</td></tr><tr class="altRow1" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; "><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">III-1</td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; "><a href="http://report.globalintegrity.org/Cambodia/2008/scorecard/34" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-decoration: none; font-family: Futura, Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; font-weight: bold; ">Executive Accountability</a></td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">42</td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">Very Weak</td></tr><tr class="altRow2" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; background-color: rgb(247, 247, 247); "><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">III-2</td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; "><a href="http://report.globalintegrity.org/Cambodia/2008/scorecard/39" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-decoration: none; font-family: Futura, Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; font-weight: bold; ">Legislative Accountability</a></td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">13</td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">Very Weak</td></tr><tr class="altRow1" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; "><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">III-3</td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; "><a href="http://report.globalintegrity.org/Cambodia/2008/scorecard/44" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-decoration: none; font-family: Futura, Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; font-weight: bold; ">Judicial Accountability</a></td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">17</td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">Very Weak</td></tr><tr class="altRow2" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; background-color: rgb(247, 247, 247); "><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">III-4</td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; "><a href="http://report.globalintegrity.org/Cambodia/2008/scorecard/49" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-decoration: none; font-family: Futura, Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; font-weight: bold; ">Budget Processes</a></td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">52</td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">Very Weak</td></tr><tr><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td class="scorecardHomeHeader" style="font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 51, 0); ">Category IV</td><td class="scorecardHomeHeader" style="font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 51, 0); "><strong style="font-size: 12px; ">Administration and Civil Service</strong></td><td class="scorecardHomeHeader" style="font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 51, 0); ">36</td><td class="scorecardHomeHeader" style="font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 51, 0); ">Very Weak</td></tr><tr class="altRow1" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; "><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">IV-1</td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; "><a href="http://report.globalintegrity.org/Cambodia/2008/scorecard/54" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-decoration: none; font-family: Futura, Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; font-weight: bold; ">Civil Service Regulations</a></td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">30</td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">Very Weak</td></tr><tr class="altRow2" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; background-color: rgb(247, 247, 247); "><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">IV-2</td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; "><a href="http://report.globalintegrity.org/Cambodia/2008/scorecard/59" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-decoration: none; font-family: Futura, Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; font-weight: bold; ">Whistle-blowing Measures</a></td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">48</td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">Very Weak</td></tr><tr class="altRow1" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; "><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">IV-3</td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; "><a href="http://report.globalintegrity.org/Cambodia/2008/scorecard/62" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-decoration: none; font-family: Futura, Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; font-weight: bold; ">Procurement</a></td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">44</td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">Very Weak</td></tr><tr class="altRow2" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; background-color: rgb(247, 247, 247); "><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">IV-4</td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; "><a href="http://report.globalintegrity.org/Cambodia/2008/scorecard/65" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-decoration: none; font-family: Futura, Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; font-weight: bold; ">Privatization</a></td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">24</td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">Very Weak</td></tr><tr><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td class="scorecardHomeHeader" style="font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 51, 0); ">Category V</td><td class="scorecardHomeHeader" style="font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 51, 0); "><strong style="font-size: 12px; ">Oversight and Regulation</strong></td><td class="scorecardHomeHeader" style="font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 51, 0); ">48</td><td class="scorecardHomeHeader" style="font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 51, 0); ">Very Weak</td></tr><tr class="altRow1" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; "><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">V-1</td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; "><a href="http://report.globalintegrity.org/Cambodia/2008/scorecard/69" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-decoration: none; font-family: Futura, Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; font-weight: bold; ">National Ombudsman</a></td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">0</td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">Very Weak</td></tr><tr class="altRow2" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; background-color: rgb(247, 247, 247); "><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">V-2</td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; "><a href="http://report.globalintegrity.org/Cambodia/2008/scorecard/72" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-decoration: none; font-family: Futura, Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; font-weight: bold; ">Supreme Audit Institution</a></td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">62</td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">Weak</td></tr><tr class="altRow1" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; "><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">V-3</td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; "><a href="http://report.globalintegrity.org/Cambodia/2008/scorecard/75" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-decoration: none; font-family: Futura, Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; font-weight: bold; ">Taxes and Customs</a></td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">71</td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">Moderate</td></tr><tr class="altRow2" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; background-color: rgb(247, 247, 247); "><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">V-4</td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; "><a href="http://report.globalintegrity.org/Cambodia/2008/scorecard/78" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-decoration: none; font-family: Futura, Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; font-weight: bold; ">State-Owned Enterprises</a></td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">48</td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">Very Weak</td></tr><tr class="altRow1" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; "><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">V-5</td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; "><a href="http://report.globalintegrity.org/Cambodia/2008/scorecard/81" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-decoration: none; font-family: Futura, Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; font-weight: bold; ">Business Licensing and Regulation</a></td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">60</td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">Weak</td></tr><tr><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td class="scorecardHomeHeader" style="font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 51, 0); ">Category VI</td><td class="scorecardHomeHeader" style="font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 51, 0); "><strong style="font-size: 12px; ">Anti-Corruption and Rule of Law</strong></td><td class="scorecardHomeHeader" style="font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 51, 0); ">63</td><td class="scorecardHomeHeader" style="font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 51, 0); ">Weak</td></tr><tr class="altRow1" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; "><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">VI-1</td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; "><a href="http://report.globalintegrity.org/Cambodia/2008/scorecard/86" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-decoration: none; font-family: Futura, Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; font-weight: bold; ">Anti-Corruption Law</a></td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">89</td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">Strong</td></tr><tr class="altRow2" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; background-color: rgb(247, 247, 247); "><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">VI-2</td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; "><a href="http://report.globalintegrity.org/Cambodia/2008/scorecard/88" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-decoration: none; font-family: Futura, Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; font-weight: bold; ">Anti-Corruption Agency</a></td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">45</td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">Very Weak</td></tr><tr class="altRow1" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; "><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">VI-3</td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; "><a href="http://report.globalintegrity.org/Cambodia/2008/scorecard/91" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-decoration: none; font-family: Futura, Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; font-weight: bold; ">Rule of Law</a></td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">64</td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">Weak</td></tr><tr class="altRow2" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; background-color: rgb(247, 247, 247); "><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">VI-4</td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; "><a href="http://report.globalintegrity.org/Cambodia/2008/scorecard/96" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-decoration: none; font-family: Futura, Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; font-weight: bold; ">Law Enforcement</a></td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">52</td><td class="altRowCol" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 232, 232); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; ">Very Weak</td></tr></tbody></table></span></div>KD Consultinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13584961046852795514noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1564609742367006300.post-75746257075712025852010-07-22T01:31:00.000-07:002010-07-22T07:14:06.235-07:00POC - New plan for civil servant salary top-up<span class="Apple-style-span" style=" color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 18px; font-family:Arial, sans-serif;font-size:12px;"><h2 class="contentheading" style="font-family: Cambria, 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; line-height: 1.1; font-size: 30px; font-weight: normal; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 8px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; ">New plan for civil servant salary top-up</h2><div class="article-tools clearfix" style=" display: block; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 0px; width: 625px; clear: both; color: rgb(171, 171, 171); position: relative; font-size:12px;"><div class="article-meta" style=" padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; width: 437px; float: left; text-transform: uppercase; font-size:12px;"><span class="createdate" style=" color: rgb(153, 153, 153); padding-top: 3px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 3px; padding-left: 0px; background-image: url(http://www.phnompenhpost.com/templates/ja_teline_ii/images/vline.gif); background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background- background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; font-size:11px;color:initial;">THURSDAY, 22 JULY 2010 15:03 </span><span class="createby" style=" color: rgb(153, 153, 153); padding-top: 3px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 3px; padding-left: 5px; text-transform: uppercase; font-size:11px;">IRWIN LOY</span></div><div class="buttonheading" style="font-size: 12px; position: static; top: -25px; right: 0px; width: 62px; padding-top: 3px; padding-right: 3px; padding-bottom: 3px; padding-left: 3px; float: right; "><span><a href="http://www.phnompenhpost.com/index.php/component/option,com_mailto/link,aHR0cDovL3d3dy5waG5vbXBlbmhwb3N0LmNvbS9pbmRleC5waHAvMjAxMDA3MjI0MDY0OS9OYXRpb25hbC1uZXdzL25ldy1wbGFuLWZvci1jaXZpbC1zZXJ2YW50LXNhbGFyeS10b3AtdXAuaHRtbA==/tmpl,component/" title="E-mail" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 153); text-decoration: none; "><img src="http://www.phnompenhpost.com/templates/ja_teline_ii/images/emailButton.png" alt="E-mail" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 5px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-style: none; border-right-style: none; border-bottom-style: none; border-left-style: none; border-width: initial; border-color: initial; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; float: right; " /></a></span><span><a href="http://www.phnompenhpost.com/index.php/2010072240649/National-news/new-plan-for-civil-servant-salary-top-up/Print.html" title="Print" rel="nofollow" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 153); text-decoration: none; "><img src="http://www.phnompenhpost.com/templates/ja_teline_ii/images/printButton.png" alt="Print" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 5px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-style: none; border-right-style: none; border-bottom-style: none; border-left-style: none; border-width: initial; border-color: initial; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; float: right; " /></a></span><span><a href="http://www.phnompenhpost.com/index.php/pdf/2010072240649/National-news/new-plan-for-civil-servant-salary-top-up.pdf" title="PDF" rel="nofollow" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 153); text-decoration: none; "><img src="http://www.phnompenhpost.com/templates/ja_teline_ii/images/pdf_button.png" alt="PDF" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 5px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-style: none; border-right-style: none; border-bottom-style: none; border-left-style: none; border-width: initial; border-color: initial; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; float: right; " /></a></span></div></div><div class="article-content" size="12px" style=" ;"><div class="ultimatesbplugin_top" style="font-size: 12px; float: right; text-align: center; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 10px; "></div><br /><span class="dropcap" style="float: left; padding-top: 4px; padding-right: 8px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; display: block; color: rgb(75, 75, 75); font: normal normal normal 50px/40px Georgia, Times, serif; ">T</span>HE government has approved a revamped compensation scheme for civil servants, though observers say it remains unclear how quickly authorities and NGOs will be able to implement it.<br /><br />The Priority Operating Costs scheme was approved July 12 as a replacement for a previous salary supplement programme that was abruptly cancelled last year.<br /><br />Paul Pidou, deputy secretary general of the Council for Administrative Reform, confirmed that Prime Minister Hun Sen approved the sub-decree, which will be implemented retroactive to July 1. CAR officials were not available for comment yesterday.<br /><br />A copy of the sub-decree obtained by the Post yesterday shows the new scheme will be more complex than the programme it is replacing. Under the POC scheme, development groups will be required to obtain permission to supplement civil servant salaries for each individual programme.<br /><br />The sub-decree also outlines two broad levels of pay scales: “national” and “sub-national/public service delivery” .<br /><br />Jeroen Stol, country director for Handicap International Belgium, said the new definitions could help equalise payments offered by NGOs under the old scheme.<br /><br />“In the past, different organisations paid different incentives for the same types of jobs, which caused ... jealousy in some cases,” he said.<br /><br />However, many details are still unclear, he added, including the payment levels in which civil servants will be grouped.<br /><br />Authorities will need to add a new management layer to administer the scheme, according to its implementation guidelines. Each POC scheme will require its own director and must be approved by the relevan ministry, the development partner, the CAR and the Ministry of Economy and Finance.<br /><br />Sharon Wilkinson, country director for Care Cambodia, said her NGO still has not received any official word about the new scheme. “I still do not feel there’s sufficient information available for us to implement this within the timeframe designated,” she said. </div><div class="article-content" style=" ;font-size:12px;"><br /></div><div class="article-content" style=" ;font-size:12px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#FF0000;">Sub-decree on the establishment and implementation of the Priority Operating Cost (POC) within the framework of development cooperation</span></span> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:Georgia, serif;color:#000000;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" line-height: normal;"><a href="http://dc172.4shared.com/download/TVnng2PC/Sub_Decree_66_POC_Khmer.pdf?tsid=20100722-044739-980b1482"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: medium;">in Khmer</span></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: medium;"> /</span><a href="http://dc172.4shared.com/download/K2u66lL5/Sub_Decree_on_POC__Unofficial_.pdf?tsid=20100722-044611-98721c60"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: medium;">in English</span></a></span></span></div></span>KD Consultinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13584961046852795514noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1564609742367006300.post-79198426635451616822010-07-20T07:47:00.000-07:002010-07-20T07:49:46.150-07:00Review of labour migration management, policies and legal framework in Cambodia<span class="Apple-style-span" style=" color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 17px; font-family:Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, Geneva, sans-serif;font-size:12px;"><h1 class="detail red" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.3em; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 3px; padding-top: 3px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font: normal normal normal 2em/120% Georgia, 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); ">Review of labour migration management, policies and legal framework in Cambodia</h1><p class="" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 120%/normal Georgia, 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; ">The review of labour migration management, policies and legal framework in Cambodia is an attempt to understand the underlying factors inhibited the promotion of orderly labour migration flow from Cambodia to Thailand. The study points to the weaknesses in the institution entrusted to manage labour migration, the legal framework governed the migration process, the labour migration policy, and the bilateral cooperation between the labour sending and the receiving countries. These are the main factors contributing to the growing irregular cross-border labour migration. The long porous border and the cultural affinity between people of the two neighboring countries make it even difficult for the States to have absolute control over the movement of national persons. The study offers solutions for better management of labour migration. These are the formulation of clear migration policy and legal framework, streamlining the migration administration, creation of specialized organization, reduction cost of migration, raising awareness on legal channel for migration, improvement in inter-ministerial coordination, and negotiation with labour receiving country to establish standard employment contract and to protect the rights of migrant workers.</p><p class="" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 120%/normal Georgia, 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; ">Full document : <a href="http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---asia/---ro-bangkok/documents/publication/wcms_106497.pdf">Review of labour migration management, policies and legal framework in Cambodia</a></p></span>KD Consultinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13584961046852795514noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1564609742367006300.post-76853173869488512542010-07-19T07:36:00.000-07:002010-07-19T07:38:59.290-07:00Social Justice – in Inter-Religious Perspective, Publications<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "><h1 style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(102, 153, 0); font-size: 18px; font-weight: normal; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 5px; margin-bottom: 5px; "><span dir="ltr" lang="en" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; "><a href="http://www.kas.de/wf/doc/kas_14001-544-2-30.pdf">Social Justice – in Inter-Religious Perspective</a></span></h1><span dir="ltr" lang="en" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; ">Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung Occasional Paper on Democratic Development Vol. 3</span><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 17px; margin-top: 14px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 14px; margin-left: 0px; "><br /></p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 17px; margin-top: 14px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 14px; margin-left: 0px; "><span dir="ltr" lang="en" style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; ">This volume of the Occasional Papers on Democratic Development looks at the term “social justice” from the perspectives of Buddhist, Muslim and Christian faiths. We have asked outstanding proponents of the Buddhist, Muslim, Catholic and Protestant religious groups in Cambodia to elaborate on the term “social justice”. In addition, a Catholic German parliamentarian has added a European point of view. The Konrad Adenauer Foundation has a mandate to promote democratic political institutions and policies. Why should we address a concept from religious perspectives rather than from a primarily political one? The answer is easy. We would like to emphasise that there is certainly no wish to interfere in the affairs of any religious community in Cambodia. Nor does this volume deal with the relationship between the state and religious organizations as institutions, independent of each other. Our intention here is to deal with issues raised by the links between religion and politics. “Religion and politics” is concerned with two spheres of activity in the life of the same person. Citizens who belong to religious groups are also members of secular society. This dual association generates a close relationship between the religious and the secular spheres. The relationship we intend to look into is the influence of religious belief on secular political preference and decision-making. Religious beliefs have moral, social and political implications. It is inevitable for people of faith to express these through their activities as citizens in the political order. Religious beliefs have secular political validity. As they are thought by their exponents to possess high religious authority, politicians and the state are well advised to take account of these convictions when formulating policies. The concept of social justice is paramount in the policies of a state. During rapid economic growth in Cambodia the gap between rich and poor has widened, as it has in many other countries. How far this trend is to be accepted will influence the policies of the state. In that regard this volume is political in nature. I express my appreciation to all the contributing authors. Heng Monychenda, Director of the independent NGO Buddhism for Development (BfD) deserves particular gratitude for having edited this volume and for having taken great care that difficult religious and philosophical terms were appropriately translated. The KAF has had the great privilege to work with Heng Monychenda for more than two decades. We have always agreed that moral, ethical and religious values are vital for secular economic and political decision-making. Mr. Yi Thon, Secretary General of the Cambodian Inter Religious Council was of great help in organizing a conference in Phnom Penh in August 2007 during which drafts of the papers compiled were presented and discussed. Wolfgang Meyer Country Representative Konrad Adenauer Foundation</span></p></span>KD Consultinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13584961046852795514noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1564609742367006300.post-27803608095668367342010-06-03T19:42:00.000-07:002010-06-03T20:53:00.756-07:00small contribution for reformreform is a sensitive word for most of the developing country even for other developed country in the world who want to make their country more and more developed and make sure that people is living in the happiness and good welfare. <div><br /></div><div>when we say the word "Change", in principle, there are two main options which are (1) Revolution and (2) Evolution. The first concept is very extreme option which can be good and bad in the short time. our society, Cambodia, had been applied so many decades already sine the year's 60. the first one is that we applied the concept to change our society from the Constitutional Monarchy to Republic which made a lot of issues happened in that time. The the second is we change from republic to extreme communism which no one had been applied for their country. they want to change everything to a pure communism which abolished all capitalism concept and other related issue on market. there was no market, no currency, no social class, ... they very much applied the three main concepts of Communism extremely. the three concepts of the extreme communism are EQUALITY, COLLECTIVE PROPERTY, and PLAN MARKET. </div><div><br /></div><div>the last revolution of social system in Cambodia was happened in 1993 when Cambodia adopted immediately from the communism system to real democratic system which adopted from, mostly, western and USA style where it was so far from the social system in Cambodia adapted in communism system last time. actually there are a lot of issues has been find out from many research and studies from that changing. For example, understanding of concept of human rights and individual rights where most of people (ordinary people) think that they have all rights to do any thing without caring to other rights. this is a big issue since then the country become more and more misunderstanding among other people. anyway, this lesson, we should learn and make it more improved.</div><div><br /></div><div>for me i thing that "EVOLUTION" concept is more and more adaptable to Cambodian society or other society since we need to reform from step by step in order to change social system of one country. however the reform or evolution should be taken more and more high consideration by all stakeholders, especially, decision makers. some initial idea from my mine is that:</div><div><ul><li>develop a framework or policy of the reform of all sector for the whole country. the word "State Architecture" is more and more used by many developed country to develop their country policy or framework for the whole reform process on how the country will be moved to and which direction should be and what system that one country should be adapted. the idea is simple since, for example, before we construct house we need to design whole plan for the house - what kind of house do we need (western or local style), how many room, how big, and so on so for... </li><li>integrated plan and integrated financial plan for common implementation. the management term "Program Based Approach" is need to be considered with highly political commitment from all stakeholders (government and donor, government and private, government civil society, donor and civil society and all stakeholders is interact together). </li><li>clear function or roles of the implementation </li></ul></div>KD Consultinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13584961046852795514noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1564609742367006300.post-7969073287308886382010-05-06T00:24:00.000-07:002010-05-06T02:11:29.170-07:00Short Internship on Intellectual Property Rights in Sweden<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhRUMrIaNi_B6fUGEAcqCLZvqpCLMBEdWTrHx0mOvLbEByYVVYa7eST3q1gynA-4Yb-14Oz9qEw0Nq5rZQbGPAdVFOl-lnQI8-hujn8ehdh-Iq8VWbcHow7kqqGbFmm6j92iX93rtsAo_E/s1600/malmo1.jpg"><img style="float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 240px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhRUMrIaNi_B6fUGEAcqCLZvqpCLMBEdWTrHx0mOvLbEByYVVYa7eST3q1gynA-4Yb-14Oz9qEw0Nq5rZQbGPAdVFOl-lnQI8-hujn8ehdh-Iq8VWbcHow7kqqGbFmm6j92iX93rtsAo_E/s320/malmo1.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5468057513722280770" /></a><br />I am now in the Malmo in Sweden where i am attending a short course and internship program of the Intellectual Property Rights and Genetic Resource framework. This internship training will take for three weeks with comprising some lectures from professional lecturers who involved in the Intellectual Property Rights in Sweden, Germany, EU, Denmark and other people from <a href="http://www.wipo.int/portal/index.html.en">WIPO</a>. <a href="http://www.upov.int/index_en.html">UPOV</a>, <a href="http://www.cbd.int/">CBD</a>, ABS and so on. <div><br /></div><div>Actually there are around 23 interns from different group in Intellectual Property rights. The are from different continent of Africa, Latin America, Former Soviet Union, Asia and Europe. Actually, the internship was taken place for around one week already and i found out that it was so interesting to gain more now knowledge and experiences. </div><div><br /></div><div>The second week i will be moved to Stockholm to see more how the Swedish intellectual property rights manage and implement. i do hope that i will gain more experiences on that issues.</div><div><br /></div><div>For last week i will come back again Malmo and spend the whole week for getting some presentations from other intern officers from around the world. </div><div><br /></div><div>Of course the weather is cold here. Today is around 4 oC. </div>KD Consultinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13584961046852795514noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1564609742367006300.post-26366056182601921062010-04-18T01:05:00.000-07:002010-04-18T01:21:43.444-07:00Cambodia lawActually in Cambodia so far, access to law and regulation is still a challenge for all interested people in Cambodia who want to look for law and regulations enacted by the parliament and government of Cambodia. according to the constitution of the kingdom of Cambodia,it said clearly that law and regulations can be enforced even there is disseminated through the official gazette. however, so far the official gazette is published weekly but the content and the number of the laws and regulations published in the official gazette by the general Department of official gazette are limited. Most of the content in weekly issue focusing more on promotion and appointment act rather than laws and regulations. <br /><br />during this few years, a number of initiative to publish on time and full content of law and regulation has been introduced but there is no single database on law and regulation of Cambodia has been hosting. <br /><br />in my blog there are more than 100 laws and regulations of Cambodia that i has compiled and upload in my blog. some file is from other website source of Cambodia. i would like to thanks all other source that hosted some law and regulation. <br /><br />the way i do for my blog is trying to compile all existing law and regulation from other website and source in a single database and some other laws that are not in the website source, i uploaded them. <br /><br />i do believe that my blog is still missing many things and need more idea and construction initiative for better disseminating law and regulation of Cambodia. so far i just take some free time at night to update my blog, especially, Cambodia law. <br /><br />all comments and suggestions are very much welcomed.KD Consultinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13584961046852795514noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1564609742367006300.post-14411455638355836372010-04-11T07:42:00.002-07:002010-04-11T07:43:29.380-07:00Stress will kill you!<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgO1yfp33UCdlmrGOQweJxiJUCO-T7AwJuZ7-fxIQ87d8lR62pqqV50K_ZrhKNuo9TK3UeL76FQ8yjjrsonAsNKwxRp-QIspYKO9tmvXmQCTA0jmnwBwp_Elreufbp7CyF7mevXnNLFzts/s1600-h/book.jpg"><img src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgO1yfp33UCdlmrGOQweJxiJUCO-T7AwJuZ7-fxIQ87d8lR62pqqV50K_ZrhKNuo9TK3UeL76FQ8yjjrsonAsNKwxRp-QIspYKO9tmvXmQCTA0jmnwBwp_Elreufbp7CyF7mevXnNLFzts/s320/book.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5375231072344353106" style="float: left; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 0px; cursor: pointer; width: 240px; height: 320px; " /></a><br />It is a good chance for us to have a beautiful time and happiness together with family and friends. I of course think that to get a good time together is some time difficult since we are all busy with many thing around us for getting some thing for our life and our family. Most of people around us is so busy to find money and fit family. Some time we don't have time to enjoy what we get from our efforts. the most important thing most people tries their best to get money for their life and there is no time to relax.<br /><br />some scholar they said that most illness is come from the stress and concerned problem in the daily life. As the world is developed more and more then human being is challenged more and more as well. They try very hard to deal with many problem in the daily life to fight against those challenges in order to have a good life or superb life. However they don''t think the effect of the working hard without taking relax. Some time we don't know what is life? what is the purpose of life? it is only to get a lot of money with beautiful house, luxury car or titling as excellency?<br /><br />For me happiness life is very difficult to define and we need to consider to many aspects in the society whether we should only live in normal people or challenged people. Actually according to my understanding, actually there are three main kinds of human being which are:<div><ol><li>Normal human being who want to have a normal life and don't challenge against any thing. they just try to live in peace and happiness with a minimum living life</li><li>more than normal but not so challenged people. some time they want to be the best some time they relax and some time they don't care.</li><li>most challenged people where they want to be the best and try their best to deal and get some thing in their life. they don't care they just want to challenge and get the best in the society.</li></ol>whatever you like it is up to you. however i think life is not so long since each can't reach 30,000 days. everybody will stay in the globe only those days. so we should have a good life with happiness and relaxation.</div><div><br /></div><div>I just red one book "leaving stress will getting happiness" by Dale Carnegie and it has been translated by Mr. Un Tim in Khmer. it is a good book said about how to deal with stress and making our mind peace and happiness. Actually there are three theories to deal with stress which are</div><div><ol><li>live one day for one day. don't think to the past or future and try to deal only the day that it is.</li><li>if there is stress or problem comes, please do (1) to think that what is the biggest effect of the problem? (2) then try to accept it. it is not the end of the world; and (3) try to write down what are the solution that you should deal with then try to deal with the problems according to your choice</li><li>remember that stress can destroy our life</li></ol>if you want to see more you can find this book. hope you can release some stress.</div><div><br /></div>KD Consultinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13584961046852795514noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1564609742367006300.post-73202096327729876802010-04-11T07:42:00.001-07:002010-04-11T07:42:27.691-07:00Japan ODA SupportFinding support for implementing some project or program to develop our Cambodian country is not so difficult since there are many channels that we can access to get the support. Actually according to the statistic of Cooperation Development for Cambodia (CDC) shown that there are many development partners who has been assisting Cambodia in all sector of the government. Actually they provided many opportunities to all implementing agencies, including government, civil society organizations and other interesting agencies to make proposal for the support.<div><br /></div><div>ODA funding or supporting from Japan government is one good example. They provide a clear information every year to all interesting government agencies to apply for ODA support from Japanese government. They provided many scheme such as Technical Cooperation (TCP), Long/short term expert, capacity building, and other financial support for interesting agencies to apply for.</div><div><br /></div><div><a href="http://www.cdc-crdb.gov.kh/">CDC</a> is a good place to ask for information for the application or even we can contact directly to Jica office here in Cambodia.</div>KD Consultinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13584961046852795514noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1564609742367006300.post-25543165555027989772010-04-11T07:41:00.001-07:002010-04-11T07:41:41.751-07:00Study Tour in South Korea: Ombudsman System<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjpa2yRoE1QFzx07qJ0fCcC6hapwlrHyTne45UMMY1M68zqNJqm8YV4zIe3ZMQrwcz4eMCnJmT7W8N9FkEKw6PGVqJxaV9crsqozDJrWx2TckBMGe-ZgqmkNIvYTy3MOsjXNjlUvFmQ4wo/s1600-h/Korea+in+MOPAS1.JPG"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5365232624173819010" border="0" alt="" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjpa2yRoE1QFzx07qJ0fCcC6hapwlrHyTne45UMMY1M68zqNJqm8YV4zIe3ZMQrwcz4eMCnJmT7W8N9FkEKw6PGVqJxaV9crsqozDJrWx2TckBMGe-ZgqmkNIvYTy3MOsjXNjlUvFmQ4wo/s320/Korea+in+MOPAS1.JPG" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 0px; width: 320px; float: left; height: 240px; cursor: pointer; " /></a><span xmlns="">It was a good study tour to Republic of Korea. I had a very nice trip to Seoul in Korea for study tour on the ombudsman system. The study tour has been organized from 26 to 31 July 2009 to study on the ombudsman system in Korea where the system has been set up since 1994 with a good reputation. The participants are coming from different government institutions which are a secretary of state of the Office of the Council of Minister, a secretary of state of the Ministry of Interior, a permanent member of the Anti-Corruption Unit, a deputy chairman of the Cambodian human rights committee, a secretary general of the Council for Legal and Judicial Reform, two secretaries General of the Council for Legal and Judicial Reform, director general of administration of the ministry of justice, GTZ consultant and I. The study tour got a lot of information and experiences from the Koran government system, especially the ombudsman system which has been established since 1994.<br /><div><br /><p>Actually the delegation has been visited many place of the Korean government institutions, including the Korean civil society organizations. The government institution where the delegation has been visited are Korean national human rights commission, anti-corruption and civil rights commission, Seoul's audit ombudsman, and ministry of public administration and security. The study tour provided a lot of lesson learned which are:<br /></p><br /><ul><br /><li>Most of the similar government institutions has been integrated together from 3 or 4 institutions into one institution in order to reduce the expense of the government<br /></li><br /><li>They has used high tech in improving the public services delivery with faster and easier to access by internet<br /></li><br /><li>the coordination between each government institutions is good and effective<br /></li><br /><li>the information of each government institution is well prepared in both Korean and English<br /></li><br /><li>each government officer has a specialized skill in their working field<br /></li><br /><li>all institution focuses very much on the well and closed public services delivery to the citizens<br /></li><br /><li>effective mechanism to combat against corruption from the local to national level (Seoul's Audit Ombudsman and Anti-Corruption and Civil Rights Commission…)<br /></li><br /><li>strong civil society organization to watch and monitor the performance of the government</li></ul></div></span>KD Consultinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13584961046852795514noreply@blogger.com0